Secondary Hemostasis Flashcards
Factor I
Fibrinogen
Factor II
Prothrombin
Factor III
Tissue Factor
Factor IV
Calcium
Factor V
Proaccelerin/ Labile factor
Factor VII
Proconvertin / Stable Factor
Factor VIII
Anti-hemophilic factor A
Factor IX
Christmas factor
Factor X
Stuart Prower Factor
Factor XI
Antihemophilic Factor C
Factor XII
Hageman Factor
Factor XIII
Fibrin Stabilizing Factor
Prekallekrin
Fletcher Factor
High Molecular Weight Kininogen
Fitzgerald Factor
What are the cofactors
Factor V & VIII
What are the serine proteases
Factor II, VII, IX, X, XI, XII
What are the Vit K. dependent factors?
1972
X, IX, VII, II
What is present in Barium Sulfate Adsorbed Plasma?
All except Vit K. dependent factors (1972)
Factor involved in all pathways
Factor IV (Calcium)
Factors involved in the extrinsic pathway
Factor III, VII, and IV (Calcium)
Factor Xa cleaves _ to _
Prothrombin (II) to thrombin (IIa)
Factor IIa
Thrombin
What does thrombin (IIa) cleave ?
Fibrinogen (I) to Fibrin
Factors involved in the intrinsic pathway
Factor XII, XI, IX, VIII(Cofactor), IV
Factors involved in the common pathway
Factor X, V(Cofactor), II, XIII, IV
Factor Xa converts prothrombin to thrombin with the help of _
Factor V
The most common acquired clotting factor deficiency
Liver disease
The most common inherited clotting factor deficiency
Hemophilia A
The inheritance pattern of Hemophilia A
X-linked recessive
Other name for hemophilia A
Classic hemophilia / Royal’s Disease
Deficiency in Hemophilia A
Factor VIII
Factor V deficiency is otherwise known as _
Owren’s disease / Labile factor deficiency
Hemophilia B deficiency
Factor IX (Christmas Disease)
The inheritance pattern of Hemophilia B
X-linked recessive
*Note: Most factor deficiencies are autosomal recessive except Hemophilia A and B
Factor XI deficiency
Hemophilia C (Rosenthal Deficiency)
Major site of inhibition
Endothelium and platelets
Major inhibitor of cofactors
Protein C
Cofactor of Protein C
Protein S
Vitamin K dependent inhibitors
Protein C and S
Factors degraded by Protein C and S
Cofactors Va and VIIIa
Major inhibitor of coagulation
Anti-thrombin III
Forms a complex with thrombin, kallikrein and plasmin to inhibit their functions
Alpha-2 microglobulin
Inhibits thrombin
Heparin / Heparin cofactor II
Normal value for the micro method of clotting time
2-4 min.
Dale & Laidlaw’s and Slide drop method
Clotting test that utilizes a capillary tube to note the clot formation
Dale & Laidlaw’s
Clotting test that uses a glass slide, and lancet, and scoop the drop of blood every 30 sec. until fibrin string is produced
Slide drop method
Clotting method wherein whole blood is submerged in a water bath of 37C
Lee & White (NV. 7-15 min)
What pathway does PT measure?
Extrinsic and Common Pathway
What pathway does APTT measure?
Intrinsic and Common Pathway
Normal Value of Prothrombin time (PT)
10-12 sec.
Normal Value of Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)?
25-35 sec.
The specific factor that PT and APTT are not sensitive to
FXIII
The test of choice to monitor Heparin therapy
APTT
Test of choice to monitor warfarin therapy
PT
Reagent utilized in PT
Simplastin
contains thromboplastin to replace tissue factor and Calcium chloride
The component in Simplastin (reagent in PT) to replace tissue factor
Thromboplastin
The measure of sensitivity for the PT reagent
INR (International Normalized Ratio)
The normal INR for PT
2-3
Specimen needed for APTT
Platelet poor plasma (PPP)
Tests that uses Platelet Poor Plasma
- APTT
- Stypven Time (Russel Viper Venom Time)
- Thrombin Time
- Reptilase time
Determines problem in the common pathway only
Stypven Time (Russel Viper Venom Time)
Snake where platelin is extracted from in the russel viper venom time
Vipera russeli / East Indian Viper (N.V.6-10sec)
Tests that assess prolonged Fibrinogen deficiency
- Thrombin Time (TCT/TT)
2. Reptilase
Thrombin time is unaffected/affected by heparin while reptilase is unaffected/affected by heparin
Thrombin: AFFECTED by Heparin
Reptilase: UNAFFECTED by Heparin
Snake where the enzyme for reptilase time (resembles thrombin) is extracted from
Bothrops Atrox snake
NV for Thrombin time
10-14 sec.
Reagent for Reptilase time
Atroxin
Test used for factor XIII
Duckert’s test (5M Urea Solubility Test)
Normal result for the Duckert’s test
Factor XIII insoluble to Urea when incubated for 24 hrs
If solube=Factor XIII deficiency
Blood: Anticoagulant ratio in a black tube
4:1
Factors activated at cold temperatures
Malamig sa 7/11
FVII and XI
Factors that will break down at temperatures above 37C
Labile Factors (7 &5)
FVII and V
Recommended processing time of APTT
Within 4 hrs
Recommended processing time for PT
Within 24 hrs
Factors present in Fresh Plasma
All
Factors not present in Aged Plasma
Cofactors V and VIII