Secondary Assessment Flashcards
SAMPLE
signs and symptoms
allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last meal consumed
Events
H&T
hypovolemia hypoxia hydrogen ion (acidosis) hypo/hyperkalemia hypothermia Tension pneumothorax Tamponade (cardiac) Toxins Thrombosis (pulmonary, coronary)
common underlying causes of PEA
hypovolemia
hypoxia
cardiac arrest conditions
CF/pVT/asystole/PEA
The indentification of underlying cause
paramount importance for
PEA
Asystole
a common cause of PEA
hypovolemia
hypovolemia initiall produces the classic physiologic response of
rapid, narrow-complex tachycardia (sinus tachy)
inc diastolic
decreases systolic
BP drops, becomes undetectable
narrow QRS complexes and rapid rate continue
rhythm
PEA
common nontraumatic causes of hypovolmia include
occult internal hemorrhage
severe dehydration
consider this intervention for
PEA associated with narrow-complex tachycardia
volume infusion
occlusion of these arteries can cause PEA
left main or proximal left anterior descending coronary artery -> cardiogenic shock -> PEA
is routine fibrinolytic treatment recommended for cardiac arrest even if there is no known PE
not recommended
no benefit
massive or saddle pulmonary embolism obstructs flow
causes
acute right heart failure
Pericardial tamponade
in periarrest period give this intervention
volume infusion
this diagnostic modality is needed to rapidly identify tamponade and PE
pneumothorax
bedside ultrasound
