Second Year Chapter 1 Flashcards
Name 2 fears the Europeans had about travelling across the waters
1) that there were monsters in the see
2) that they would sail off the edge of the earth
What disease did the sailors and crew members get and why
Scurvy as they didn’t get enough to vit C as fresh fruit could not be kept on the ships
Who did the Europeans do ancient trade with
India China and the spice islands
What are the spice island
A group of islands at the bottom of Indonesia
What were the two most famous commodities
Silk
Spices
What was the best route to East
Via the “Great Silk Road”
Why did the “Great Silk Road” become dangerous
Because of the growth of the Turkish empire
Who were enemies
The Muslim Turks and the Christian Europeans
When were all Europeans Christians
In the 15th/16th centuries
What are heathens
People who believe in false gods
Who believed othe religions were heathens
The Christians
Why did ships carry priests
To look after the sailors and to spread Christianity to new lands
In what years was the new caravel built
In the 15th century
What were the new sails and what did they do
They were called lateen sails and they were triangular so they could go through bays and harbours
When did European sailors start exploring and travelling across the oceans to find new worlds
The mid 1400’s
What stronger boats were built and why
Clinker builts for stronger waves
How were clinker builts mad differently
They had over lapping planks of wood
What two boats were combined to make the caravel
The Mediterranean and Atlantic designs
How did sailors know what directing they were sailing
By using a compass
What did a quadrant and and astrolabes
They measured the latitude (distance from equator)
What was the difference between an astrolabe and quadrants
Astrolabes measured the latitude by seeing the distance from the sun
Quadrants measures the latitude by measuring the distance from the stars
What were Portolan charts used for and when were they made
They were early navigation maps and the fourteenth century
How was speed and distance measured
Log lines and knots
How did log lines and knots work
A rope with a plot tied to it and thrown over the ship the rope had knots tied to it the sailor then counted how many knots were left
What prince of Portugal realised that he could get lots of money by reaching the bottom of Africa
Henry in the fifthteenth century
Why did prince Henry of Portugal think that getting to the bottom of Africa could make him rich
He believed it would lead them to lots of spices and his merchants wouldn’t risk travelling across the Great Silk Road
What name did price Henry of Portugal get and why
The navigator as h made schools for the sailors
Who and when was the first to discover the great Cape
Bartolomeu Dias in 1487
What happened to his ship when he arrived and what did he name the land and what did it later change to
It was destroyed my storms and it was called the Cape of Storms but the Portuguese king later changed it to the Cape of good hope
What was the treaty of tordesillas
It was when Spain and Portugal decided to draw a line on the map and all counties north to the line belonged to Spain and all countries left to the line believed to Portugal and it went down South America
When they found the Cape of good hope what did it lead to
It made paths to India
Who and when first arrived in India
Vasco de gama in 1498
Why was the result of de gama finding India
It became a very rich country and it built a great empire
When was America founded
In 1492
On September 8th what happened?
18 staggered men arrived in the port of Seville in a battered ship called Victoria
Who led everyone to America
Ferdinand magalellen
What sis Magellan plan to do
Travel all the way around the world
Who supported Magellan and what did they give him
Charles V of Spain
He gave them 5 ships
The Trinidad the conception Victoria Santiago and San Antonio
When did Magellan leave and when did he return
He left on August 10th 1519 and returned sept 8 1522
Where did he first go by and what happened
He first went down by the bottom of Argentina and then around by the land of fire where Santiago was wrecked in a storm
Wh replaced Magellan when he died in the philepeans
Sebastian del cano
What ship broke down after Santiago and why
Conception and because their were not a ought men to captain 3 ships
What happened to the Trinidad
Portuguese captured it
Who kept a diary of the voyage
Antonio pig feta
Name 4 places that Columbus tried to conquest for Spain on his side of the treaty of tordesillas
Aztecs empire
Mexico
Peru (inca)
