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biology lab > Second Exam > Flashcards

Second Exam Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Enzymes

A

Speed up a reaction by lowering activation energy needed for the reaction

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2
Q

Substrate

A

Reacting molecule

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3
Q

Transition state

A

In which the substrate becomes more reactive and the metabolic reaction accelerates

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4
Q

Active site

A

Site where the substrate attaches to the enzyme

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5
Q

What are enzymes made of

A

Proteins made of chains of amino acids

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6
Q

Denature

A

When a enzyme’s effectiveness is destroyed by altering the active site

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7
Q

How does heat affect enzyme activity?

A

The higher the temperature, the faster the reaction go, but too high of temperature will slow the reaction

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8
Q

Catechol oxidase

A

Used to see how temperature on enzyme activity

Plant enzyme that converts catechol to benzoquinone

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9
Q

Benzoquinone

A

Prevents decay in damages cells

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10
Q

Biocatalysts

A

Accelerate metabolic reaction

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11
Q

How does ph affect the enzyme activity

A

Increase the charge, usually better at neutral, but some increase activity as more basic or acidic solutions

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12
Q

Catalase

A

Can be used to investigate the effects of oh to enzyme, can speed the breakdown in hydrogen peroxide

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13
Q

Peroxidase

A

Enzyme in plants that converts toxic hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.

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14
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O+ ATP + Heat

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15
Q

Anaerobic fermentation (plants)

A

C6H12O6-> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + ATP + heat

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16
Q

Anaerobic fermentation (animals)

A

C6H12O6 -> 2CH3CHOHCOOH +ATP + Heat

17
Q

Pyruvate

A

A product of glycolysis

18
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Cofactor that activated some enzymes of glycolysis

19
Q

Sodium fluoride

A

An inhibitor of some enzymes of glycolysis

20
Q

Glucose

A

Used for respiration

21
Q

photosynthesis equation

A

6CO2+ 12H2O–chlorophll/light–> C6H2O6+ 6 H2O+ 6O2

22
Q

light reactions

A

splits water to release oxygen, electrons, and protons.

23
Q

Dark reactions

A

Converts carbon dioxide to sugar

24
Q

pigment

A

substance that absorbs light

25
Q

accessory pigments

A

cartenoids and xanthophylls

Absorb light and transfer energy to chlorophyll a

26
Q

Paper chromatography

A

Technique for separating dissolved compounds

27
Q

Why did the solution turn red

A

Electrons get excited but have nowhere to go, so they emit a red light

28
Q

Thylakoids

A

Photosynthetic membrane located in chloroplast

biology lab (3 decks)

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