Sec 32.1: Nutrients and Homeostasis Flashcards
Homeostasis
is the stable state of internal conditions in living systems
What are the 6 types of nutrients that maintain homeostasis?
Water, Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats, Minerals, and Vitamins
What is the body’s main source of energy?
Carbohydrate
What does water help in?
digest food, eliminate waste products, maintain blood volume, regulate body temperature, keep skin moist, replace sweat, urine & respiration
Where are simple carbs found?
Sugars in honey, fruits, and sugar cane
Where are complex carbs found?
Starches in grains, potatoes, vegetables
What is excess glucose from carbs breaking down stored as?
It is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and muscle tissues for future energy.
What is cellulose?
dietary fiber that helps move food through digestive system
What are proteins?
They are the raw materials used for growth and repair of cells and tissues (make enzymes vital for cell metabolism).
How many amino acids needed to build proteins does the body make? How many do you get from food?
The body makes 12 out of 20, and you gain the other 8, called essential amino acids, out of foods.
What do fats do?
They provide energy and are a key composition in the cell membrane.
What are fats formed of? Does the body make them?
They are formed of chains of fatty acids hooked to glycerol molecules. The body makes some, some are eaten.
What are saturated fats?
They are unhealthy fats, solid at room temperature, and found in animal products.
What are unsaturated fats?
They are considered healthy fats, liquid at room temperature, and found in plant oils and fish.
What are minerals?
They are inorganic materials used by the body to carry out processes in cells to build or repair tissue.
Why do you need to take minerals?
Because they are constantly lost in urine, sweat, and other waste products.
