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History G3 > Sec 1 Introduction and chpater 1 > Flashcards

Sec 1 Introduction and chpater 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is history

A

History is the study of the past

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2
Q

Types of sources

A

Artefacts, pictorial records, written accounts and records, oral accounts

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3
Q

What are artefacts

A

Objects used and left behind by ppl in past

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4
Q

What are pictorial records

A

Maps, photographs, painting, posters, cartoons

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5
Q

What are written accounts and records

A

Personal and government documents, newspapers, letters, books

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6
Q

What are oral accounts

A

Spoken words, stories, eyewitness accounts

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7
Q

What happens when new evidence come to light?

A

Claims about the past may change

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8
Q

Why study history

A
  • understand what ppl went thru in the past
  • make connections between past n present, anticipate future
  • acquire critical thinking skills
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9
Q

When was sg yr of independence

A

1965

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10
Q

How is sg important to the world

A

Sg is an important trading centre

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11
Q

Who was dominant during 1st to 7th century

A

Funan kingdom, port of oc eo

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12
Q

Who was dominant from 7 to 13 century

A

Srivijaya empire, port of palembang

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13
Q

Who was dominant from 13 to 16 century

A

Majapahit, port of gresik/ melaka sultanate, port of melaka

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14
Q

who was dominant from 16 to 18 century

A

Johor sultanate

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15
Q

What is decade

A

10 yrs

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16
Q

What is century

A

100 yrs

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17
Q

What is millennium

A

1000 yrs

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18
Q

Where is sg geographical location

A

Sg is part of the region of southeast asia, south of China and east of India

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19
Q

What was china demanded for

A

Silk, ceramics

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20
Q

What products from southeast asia were valuable in China and India

A

Spices, scented wood, shells

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21
Q

What is most important trade link between civilisations of asia, middle east, europe

A

Silk Road

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22
Q

Why did silk road become less used

A

Route became less safe as there was increased danger and difficulties

23
Q

What route was used instead of silk road

A

Maritime Route

24
Q

What happened in response of the increased use of maritime trade route

A

Trading centres emerged and developed in Southeast Asia

25
Q

How did some maritime ports grow into small kingdoms (maritime kingdoms)

A

Travellers from china, india, middle east, southeast asia would stop at various ports to pick up items to trade or acquire supplies or wait for favourable weather conditions to continue their journeys

26
Q

Give 2 examples of maritime kingdoms in southeast asia

A

Srivijaya, melaka sultanate

27
Q

What route is the quickest from China to India or vice versa

A

Straits of Melaka

28
Q

What is the advantages of taking faster routes

A
  • Reduces amount and cost of supplies

- Reduces risk of pirate attacks n accidents

29
Q

How else does singapore location benefit (winds)

A

Monsoon winds

30
Q

What is monsoon winds

A

Seasonal rain-bearing winds

31
Q

What are the two types of monsoon winds

A

Southwest monsoons blow from June to Sep

Northeast monsoons blow from dec to mar

32
Q

Which countries have attempted to control straits of melaka

A

Chinese, Portuguese, dutch, japanese, british

33
Q

Where did srivijaya develop

A

Srivijaya developed around the port of Palembang in Sumatra

34
Q

Where did external threats to Srivijaya come from

A 
Chola Kingdom (Southern India)
Siamese Kingdom (Thailand)
Majapahit (Java)
35
Q

Why did Singapore grow in popularity in 14 Century

A
  • decline of srivijaya, trade shifted northwards

- Trade between China and southeast Asia increased

36
Q

Why had Singapore declined by the 15 century (5 reasons)

A
  • overshadowed by new port :melaka
  • climatic and economic changes affected trade with China, Chinese economy collapsed
  • trade between China and southeast asia suffered
  • Fell prey to external threats
  • Melaka sultanate became one of the dominant trading centres
37
Q

Which countries created external threats to Singapore

A

Kingdoms of Majapahit

Kingdoms of Ayutthaya (thailand)

38
Q

How did Melaka grow as a trading centre (2 reasons)

A
  • Parameswara established Melaka’s status as a vassal of China (pay tribute to China for protection in return)
  • Given security from threats posed by rivals
39
Q

What happened to Sg when Melaka grew as a trading centre

A

Sg was overshadowed by melaka and ceased to serve its previous role as the centre of trade linking the Indian ocean and south china sea

40
Q

Why was Sg still important to Melaka

A

SG was home to Orang Laut

41
Q

Who is the orang laut

A

Seafaring ppl who were the backbone of Melaka’s naval forces

42
Q

What happened at the beginning of the 16 century (about europe)

A

Religious, political and economic rivalries were intensifying among major powers of Europe
This conflict and competition was spreading to Asia

43
Q

Which was the maritime nations that had a rivalry on Asia

A

Spain, portugal and netherlands

44
Q

Who accompanied the europeans

A

Christians Missionaries who ventured to India, China and southeast asia

45
Q

What happened to melaka sultanate as european influence was growing

A

Melaka Sultanate was weakened and divided by power struggles n internal rivalries

46
Q

What did the sultan of Melaka sultanate do (2 things)

A

He fled with a group of loyal officials and orang lauts. Established a new kingdom along johor river known as Johor sultanate

47
Q

What was the title of the official based in SG

A

Shahbandar

48
Q

What does the presence of a shahbandar indicate and what is shahbandar’s duty

A

SG could have been an important trading centre for the johor sultanate as his duty was to oversee foreign trading communities and issue trading licenses to foreign traders

49
Q

How was SG useful to Johor sultanate

A

It was a gateway for a system of trade that passed from china thru SG and down to Johor River

50
Q

When n why did SG decline in importance again (7 reasons)

A
  • mid 17th century
  • political changes
  • dutch established a main base at Batavia (Jakarta)
  • Became dominant Europe power after capturing Melaka from portugese
  • by 18 century, maritime traffic was bypassing SG
  • political crisis, assassination of childless Sultan Mahmud Shah ll
  • capital of johor sultanate moved to riau
51
Q

When did dutch establish a main base in batavia

A

1619

52
Q

When did dutch capture Melaka from portugese

A

1641

53
Q

When was Sultan Mahmud assassinated

A

1699

History G3 (3 decks)

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