Chapter 2 Flashcards
What was the century SG regained prominence because of being a British post
19th century
Prior 19 century, who conducted most of British trade in Asia
East India Company (EIC)
What was EIC’s major source of income by the late 18th Century
Trade between India and china
What did EIC import from India
Opium and Cotton
What did EIC import from Britain
Wool
What did EIC buy from China
Tea, silk porcelain
What did British do to protect its lucrative India-China trade
Control Straits of Melaka
Give 3 examples of Spices
Cinnamon/ pepper/ nutmeg/ cloves/ mace
What were spices use for
- Cooking
- medicinal purposes
- preserving food
Since the 17th Century, britain had developed trade with which areas
China, india, southeat asia
Who controlled a larger part of Southeast Asia than British
Dutch
(Revision) When did Dutch take over Melaka
1641
What trade was dutch able to control by 19th Century
Straits of Melaka and Sunda straits
Where were British confined to trading because the Dutch has in control of most places
Bencoolen
What were two trading ports British had after 1786
Penang, Bencoolen
What were qualities SG had that made it an ideal trading port
- natural sheltered harbour
- good supply of drinking water
- the location was southern tip of straits of melaka so it was halfway point between India and China
Who did raffles and farquhar meet up with and when to inform that EIC wanted to set up a trading post in SG
- 29 jan 1819
- Temenggong Abdul Rahman
Why was the temenggong not able to grant permission
SG was part of Johor-Riau, Johor-Riau was a vassal of the Dutch
How did raffles set up a trading post in SG
- 6 feb 1819
- tengku hussein became the rightful Sultan
- signed agreement with sultan hussein and temenggong to build a post
What did sultan hussein and temenggong receive as compensation
Annual payment
When did europeans wars take place
Between 1789 and 1815
What did british become aware of during european wars
Importance of netherlands to their defence and security
What were the 2 spheres of influence
malay peninsula and east indies(Indonesia)
What countries were under british sphere of influence
Penang melaka SG
Who was under dutch sphere of influence
Sumatra and islands to the south, straits of SG
When did Sg officially become under british
2 aug 1824
Sultan hussein and temenggong handed SG over to EIC
The three treaties are…
1819 treaty
1824 anglo-dutch treaty
1824 treaty of friendship and alliance
Explain 1819 treaty
- sir stamford raffles, sultan hussein, temenggong abdul rahman
- allows british to set up trading post in southern SG
Explain 1824 anglo-dutch treaty
- representatives of dutch and british government
- dutch dropped claims over SG
- Malay peninsula and east indies divided
Explain 1824 treaty of friendship and alliance
- dr john crawfurd, sultan hussein, temenggong abdul rahman
- british were given control over whole of SG
What was Major William Farquhar role in Sg
First resident of SG
How did MWF contribute to SG (6 reasons)
- set up defence positions at SG river and government hill (fort canning) with help of 100 sepoys (indian soldiers)
- SG was free port so he placed british official at St John’s island to inform passing ships about new settlement and free port
- by 1823, many ppl attracted
- traders from melaka solves SG food shortage issues
- sold licences for gambling and sale of opium
- use funds to set up police force
From 1818 to 1824, how many times did raffles visit SG
3 times
When was raffles third and final visit
October 1822
