Seawater Flashcards
Sonar equipment
1.use of sound waves
URV’S
(underwater research vehicle)
Continental shelf
a) part of landmass
B) A person ocean area
C) width varies
Shelf break
A) occurs between 120–200 meters
B) forms the continental shelf
Continental slope
A. Boundary between continent and ocean floor.
B. Steep drop of parentheses (3–10 feet per mile.)
Submarine canyons
A. Found where large rivers run into the sea
Ocean basin
A. Covers most of the oceans
B. Deep and flat
Trenches
A. Causes by plate tectonics B. Deeper then 6km C.deepest is 11 km (7 miles) D. 2% ocean floor E. Rigorous temperature and pressure
Rigorous temperature and pressure
1 can reach zero Celsius
2. Pressure so high that H2O becomes the consistent of honey
Ocean ridges and rises (mountains )
A. Consistently tectonics
B. Ocean for 3% of ocean floor
C. Rigid mountain ranges encircled the earth
D. Many
Seamount (Hawaiian islands)
A. Volcano or underwater mountains
B. Atoll
C. Guyout
A. Volcano or underwater mountains
- Active
2. Inactive
Atoll
Ring shape sea mountain that does not totally puncture the surface
Guyout
Flat seamount
Origin of water and minerals
A) hypothesis
B) hydrogen bonding
Hypothesis
- Gradual or incremental addition of water
- Sources include
A. Volcano activities
B. Hot Springs
C. Heating of igneous rocks, why he released Water
Hydrogen bonding
On the bond are + and -
Polarized molecule
H2o
H-O•H
O-
/\.
/ \ H+ H+
Properties of pure water
A. Exist as solar liquid and gas in nature
B. Simple structures
1. 2 Element
2. 3 atoms
* unique molecule structure and therefore processes unusual properties
Polarity
Molecule is paralyzed
- 2 H’s at 1 end and one o atom at the end of each other
- and - creating a H bonds between the water molecules a week Bond form by the traction between positive and negative
Surface tension
- Water has the most of surface tension of liquids except for mercury
- H bond of surface molecules are stronger than below the surface
- Force is distributed over 180 not 360
- Provide support for surface organisms
Viscosity
Thickness; resistance to flow
Temperature
- Water becomes less dense as it freezes.
A. Causes to float
B. Inhabits complete freezing of large bodies of water
C. Why
1. Increases crystals
2. Salt do not freeze
3. H-bonding
Density
- Max density of water is 4’C
A. Molecules way more because they are more compact
B. Promotes down vertical transports of cold surface water
1. Carries who Z and nutrients to the bottom layers
2. Past 4C water becomes less dense due to the age of bonds and intitle circle formation
Heat capacity
- Observed son of heat by water into the temperature of water changes
- Radiant heat is absorbed in the first 4CM of water surface
A. Promotes low temperature changing in a large bodies of water
Latent heat of fusion
- Energy establishes for phrase change of liquid water to solid
A. Inhabit freezing of large bodies of water
Topography
The study of land shape
- Including ocean floors
a) sonar equipment
Latent heat of vaporization
- Energy needs for freezes change from liquid water to gas (steams)
A. Stabilizes environment
Stabilizes environment
- Moderate surface water tempi tire
2. Cools atmosphere through evaporation
Solvent action
Dissolves more substances and any other liquid
(Universal solvent)
A. Maintain large varieties of substances in solution promoting many chemical combinations
1. Origin of life
Properties of seawater
A. 3.5% dissolved salts (35 ppt)
1. Dissolved gases from atmosphere
2. Organic substance
B. 96.5% pure water
C. Do you to ocean connections
(na+) (cr)
1. Ion concentration remained the same
2. Veritable - pure water
* Salt does not evaporate or freezeWhen is the _____ %of dissolve the salt or The ocean has _____PPT (parts per thousand)
35 or 3.5
