Season 4 - Week 5 Flashcards
Michell [mitchell] and Laplace were the first to imagine them in the 18th century; Schwarzschild calculated them theoretically in 1916; an unnamed student of Wheeler named them in 1967. Penrose, Genzel and Ghez shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics for studying them; what are these objects or regions in the universe?
black holes
Hashtag activism is the act of building up public support or raising awareness through social media. In September 2018, #EleNão (“not him”) appeared 1.2 million times over 12 days on Twitter to protest against which politician’s presidential campaign? He failed to secure a second term after his loss to Workers’ Party candidate Lula in October 2022.
Jair Bolsonaro
Ismail I founded which Iranian dynasty in 1501? This dynasty controlled much of Greater Iran throughout the Early Modern period and was the first native Persian dynasty to rule since the Muslim conquest of the Sassanians in the 7th century.
Safavid dynasty (or Dudmâne Safavi Ṣafawīyān, Səfəvilər)
Il vecchio castello (The Old Castle), Bydło (Cattle), and Bogatyrskiye vorota (The Great Gate of Kiev) are among the movements in which piano suite by Modest Mussorgsky inspired by artworks by his friend Viktor Hartmann? The pieces are interspersed with a recurring promenade theme that alternates between 5/4 [five-four] and 6/4 [six-four] time.
Pictures at an Exhibition (or Kartinki s vïstavski)
Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie (Collected Essays on the Sociology of Religion) was a work published in 1920 and 1921 by which sociologist and political economist? This man’s other major works on the sociology of religion include Konfuzianismus und Taoismus (The Religion of China: Confucianism and Taoism) and Hinduismus und Buddhismus (The Religion of India: The Sociology of Hinduism and Buddhism).
Max Weber
What word for accumulated seabird excrement comes, via Spanish, from the Quechua word for “fertilizer”? The availability of this product in the 19th century saw a change in agricultural practices, which the historian Edward D. Melillo has linked to the abolition of slavery in the Americas.
guano
The world’s longest species of lizard is found only in New Guinea and belongs to which family of large carnivorous lizards? Many species in this family are semi-aquatic, and this family also includes the goanna and the Komodo dragon.
monitor lizards or Varanidae (accept Varanus)
Horace himself called them his Carmina, but what word is more commonly used today for his 101 short lyric poems issued in four books? This term is also frequently used for lyric poems written in later times; such a poem often praises a person, thing or event.
ode
What name is given to the complex of DNA and proteins that make up a eukaryotic [you-carry-OT-ick] chromosome? It may exist as a highly condensed coiled arrangement, or a more lightly-packed “open” form that is accessible for transcription. These two forms are prefixed “hetero-” and “eu-” respectively.
chromatin
Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens lie at the foot of which mountain that is flanked to the east and west respectively by mountains called Devil’s Peak and Lion’s Head?
Table Mountain (or Tafelberg, Huriǂoaxa, or Hoerikwaggo)
Completed in 2012 in a neo-futurist design combined with the stylistic traditions of its country, the world’s tallest tower is called the [BLANK] Skytree, and is located in which capital city?
Tokyo
Which German art historian and ‘father of modern archaeology’ wrote the 1764 work Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (History of Ancient Art), which was a decisive influence on the Neoclassical movement? His enormous influence on subsequent German scholars has been described as ‘the tyranny of Greece over Germany’.
Johann Joachim Winckelmann
The Rake’s Progress is an opera with a libretto by W. H. Auden and Chester Kallman and music by which Russian composer? Based on the series of engravings A Rake’s Progress by William Hogarth, it premiered in Venice in 1951 with Elisabeth Schwarzkopf in a leading role, and is considered the climax of this composer’s neoclassical phase.
Igor Stravinsky
Virgil’s Aeneid, written in dactylic hexameters, is an example of which poetic form or genre, being a long, narrative poem about heroic deeds? The same word is also used in general for large-scale works with heroic elements.
epic poetry (or epos, epikos)
Alphonse Mucha [MOOK-ha] produced seven Art Nouveau posters to promote the appearances of which 19th-century French actress in plays such as Alexandre Dumas fils’ La Dame aux Camélias and Shakespeare’s Hamlet, in which she played the title role?
Sarah Bernhardt (accept Henriette-Rosine Bernard)
Neither matter nor radiation such as light can escape from the gravity of a black hole. What term, which in English has two words*, is used for the “boundary of no escape”, meaning that an object crossing this boundary from outside is trapped in the black hole?
event horizon
Another mythological horse is which white, winged stallion that sprang from the blood of the Gorgon Medusa as she was beheaded by Perseus?
Pegasus
Which is the largest city in the north of Nigeria? It has been a diverse city throughout its history due to its location on the trans-Saharan trade routes, and is today the largest Hausa-speaking city in the world and the cultural hub for Hausa film and literature.
Kano
Local names for this mountain have sometimes been translated as ‘table-top mountain’, although its original European name was Mount Townsend with a nearby mountain given the name by which this peak is today known. When it was discovered that this mountain was taller, the two names were switched and this mountain took which name after a European military leader who died in 1817?
Mount Kosciuszko (accept Tadeusz Kościuszko)
Begun in 2014, the #IceBucketChallenge encouraged people to pour a bucket of ice water over their head or donate money to charities involved in which neurodegenerative disease that affects control of voluntary muscles? Early symptoms of this disease include stiff muscles, muscle twitches or cramps, and slurred speech.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (or ALS, motor neuron disease, MND, Lou Gehrig’s disease, Charcot’s disease)
Which Mughal Emperor stayed with Ismail’s son Tahmasp in the Safavid court? This son of Babur outwardly converted from Sunni to Shi’a Islam in order to win favour with Tahmasp, and used Safavid forces to regain his territories after he had been exiled by Sher Shah Suri.
Humāyūn (or Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad)
The mythological creature known as the hippocampus is typically depicted with the lower body of a fish and the upper body of what animal? “Hippos” is the name of this animal in Greek.
horse
Weber argues that Calvinist enterprise had a profound effect on economic growth and the birth of modern economies in Northern Europe in which 1904–05 book that ends with a discussion of an “iron cage” or “shell hard as steel” brought about by the increased rationalisation and bureaucratisation of society?
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus)
Which country had a period of political stability called the “Guano Era” that began with the presidency of Ramón Castilla in 1845 and ended when this country, Chile, Ecuador and Bolivia fought against Spain in the Chincha Islands War over control of guano-rich islands? The abolition of slavery in this country in 1853 led to a rise in the kidnapping and coercion of Chinese men to work as guano miners.
Peru
