Séance 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the 3 most famous members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood?

A

John Everett Millais, William Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti

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2
Q

What was the age of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood members when they founded the group?

A

In their early 20s

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3
Q

What did the abbreviation ‘PRB’ mean to some people?

A

Please Ring the Bell

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4
Q

What did the Pre-Raphaelites study to inform their paintings?

A

Engravings before the age of Raphael

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5
Q

What was the aim of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood?

A

To take art out of the Establishment and give it back to the people

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6
Q

What themes were the Pre-Raphaelites attracted to in their paintings?

A
  • Love
  • Death
  • History
  • Myths & Legends
  • Religion
  • Morality
  • Psychological Drama
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7
Q

What is significant about Millais’s painting ‘Lorenzo & Isabella’?

A

It was the 1st time the PRB monogram appeared on a canvas

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8
Q

What societal context influenced the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848 England?

A

The Industrial Revolution was in full swing, causing social change and issues like overcrowding and high infant mortality

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9
Q

What contemporary issue did the Pre-Raphaelites address in their work?

A

The surge in prostitution in London

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10
Q

What does ‘The Awakening Conscience’ by William Holman Hunt depict?

A

A kept mistress realizing her life should change to avoid common prostitution

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11
Q

Explain the Pre-Raphaelites’ ambivalent representation of women.

A

They painted strong, sensual women with psychological depth, but also depicted vulnerable women and dangerous beings

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12
Q

What is the subject of Millais’s painting of Ophelia?

A

Ophelia drowning after learning Hamlet killed her father

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13
Q

What technique did the Pre-Raphaelites use to achieve luminous colors?

A

Primed canvases with white paint and painted while it was still wet

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14
Q

How did Elizabeth Siddal pose for Millais’s ‘Ophelia’?

A

In a cold bath with a heavy antique wedding dress

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15
Q

How old was Elizabeth Siddal when she posed for ‘Ophelia’?

A

22

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16
Q

What character traits made Elizabeth Siddal not fit the ideal Victorian beauty?

A
  • Tall and willowy
  • Red hair
  • Refused to wear a corset
  • Made her own clothes
17
Q

What was laudanum?

A

A cure-all made from poppy seeds, similar to opium

18
Q

What tragic event occurred shortly after Elizabeth Siddal’s marriage to Rossetti?

A

She gave birth to a dead child and took a lethal dose of laudanum

19
Q

What detail in ‘Ophelia’ foreshadowed Siddal’s tragic end?

A

The poppy on the canvas

20
Q

What significant achievement did Siddal accomplish in 1857?

A

She was the only woman artist to participate in the Pre-Raphaelite show