SDG 6

Question 1

Pillars of Sustainable Development

Answer 1

-Social (people)
-Environmental (planet)
-Economic (profit)

Question 2

Define Relative Poverty

Answer 2

Lacking the minimum income needed to maintain the average standard of living in society- below 60% of the average income in the UK

Question 3

Define absolute poverty

Answer 3

Material deprivation of basic human needs

Question 4

Define extreme poverty

Answer 4

Living on less than $1.90 international dollars per day according to the World Bank’s Global Poverty Line

Question 5

What is HDi and how is it defined

Answer 5

Human Development Index

3 Dimensions:
-Life Expectancy
-Education Attainment
-Gross National Income (GNI)

Question 6

3 types of development

Answer 6

• Internationally led (e.g. UN, World Bank)
• Nationally led (e.g. ‘top-down’ by the political party in power)
• People led (e.g. ‘bottom-up’ approach of people movements)

Question 7

How many SDG are there and what is number 6

Answer 7

17 SDGs introduced in 2015, with the aim to seek them by 2030

SDG6= Clean Water and Sanitation

Question 8

When did water become a human right, and how is this defined

Answer 8

2010

The right entitles everyone to have access to sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic use.

Question 9

Define:

Sufficient

Safe

Acceptable

Physically Accessible

Affordable

in terms of water as a human right

Answer 9

Sufficient=Continuous

Safe= free from micro-organisms, chemical substances and radiological hazards that threaten a person’s health- defined by local standards for drinking water

Acceptable=colour, odour and taste. Facilities and services must be culturally appropriate and sensitive to gender, lifecycle and privacy requirements

Physically accessible=within or in the immediate vicinity of the household

Affordable= affordable to all

Question 10

Different types of water sustainability and their definition

Answer 10

Functional Sustainability= ensuring services remain operational in the long-term

Financial sustainability= ensuring that funds collected with be sufficient to meet annual recurrent and periodic costs

Environmental Sustainability= ensuring sustainability of natural resources affected by a project

Institutional Sustainability= ensuring organisations and structures (public, private, community) are in place to support sustainable outcomes, and that these are aligned with country norms.

Question 11

Appropriate technology of water resources

Answer 11

• Low capital cost so affordable for local communities
• Uses local materials as much as possible
• Uses and develops local skills
• Small enough scale that could be managed by local community- parts need to be available locally
• Can be maintained at the local level
• But it supposes people will work together
• Involves decentralised renewable energy sources

Question 12

What affects the water source used

Answer 12

• Some wells have poor yields in the dry season
• Location of good water supplies may be some distance from people’s houses
• Different water quality for different uses
• Breakdowns or limited capacity
• Queues
• Different costs

Question 13

Targets when designing a water supply system

Answer 13

• Cheapest
• Technically feasible
• Desired health benefits
• Not harming the environment
• User preference
• Appropriate users are capable of maintaining

Question 14

Define multiphase development

Answer 14

Development of a scheme that has redundancy making development in the future, as population grows easier