Scultpure Flashcards
Is a three-dimensional art. It may take the form of whatever it seeks to represent, from pure, or non-objective form, to the life-like depiction of people or any other entity
Sculpture
The three categories of sculpture
Full round, relief, linear
Works that stand free in full three-dimensionality
Full round
A work that projects from a background
Relief
A work utilizing narrow, elongated materials
Linear
Sculptors start with a large block of material, such as wood or stone, and remove or “subtract” the unwanted material to reveal the desired form.
Subtraction
sculptors start with raw materials and build or add elements to create the sculpture. They may use materials like plastics, metals (aluminum or steel), terra-cotta, epoxy resins, or wood. This method allows for additive creation.
Construction
This method involves molding or casting materials that can be transformed from a molten or fluid state into a solid state. It requires the use of molds to create the sculpture. A positive model is made, covered with a material like plaster, which, when solidified and removed, forms the mold for the final sculpture. Molten or fluid material is poured into the mold and allowed to solidify, creating the sculpture.
Substitution
Sculptors use their hands to shape pliable materials like clay, wax, or plaster, giving form to the sculpture. This method involves skillfully transforming a lump of material into the desired shape.
Manipulation (Modeling)
Elements of Sculpture:
Sculptures take up three-dimensional space with materials of varying densities. They consist of actual volume and density.
Mass (Space
Elements of Sculpture:
The roughness or smoothness of a surface, is a tangible characteristic of sculpture. Viewers can physically touch sculptures to perceive their texture, but even without touch, texture can be perceived and responded to.
Texture
Elements of Sculpture:
lines are used to define and reveal the three-dimensional forms within the artwork.
Line and Form
Elements of Sculpture:
It acts as important to the sculptor as to the painter. In some cases, the material itself may be chosen to be the cause of its color; in others, the sculpture may be painted. It can add vibrancy and realism to the work.
Color
Principles of Sculpture:
Refers to the relative relationships between the shapes and forms within the artwork. It involves the visual balance and harmony between the various elements present. Our innate sense of proportion helps us recognize when each form within the sculpture maintains a proper relationship with the others
Proportion
Principles of Sculpture:
Involves the recurrence of certain elements, patterns, or motifs within the artwork. This principle can manifest in various ways, including rhythm, harmony, and variation. Similar to the pictorial arts, repetition in sculpture contributes to the overall visual experience.
Repetition
In the context of viewing art, including sculpture, refers to how we move or transition from one element to the next. It involves the manner in which movements, connections, and transitions occur between the different elements, enhancing the overall experience.
Articulation
Often natural objects, whether shaped by human hands or otherwise, take on characteristics that stimulate aesthetic responses.
Found
New media art, also known as digital media art, is a contemporary approach that involves various forms of electronic media, often with interactivity between the artwork and the viewer.
Interactivity (New Media Art)
Is the part of the artwork that is strategically designed to draw the viewer’s attention. Sculptors must consider how to guide the viewer’s eye and create central points of interest. The entire 360-degree view contributes to the message communicated by the work, and elements like converging lines, encirclement, and color can be used to achieve emphasis.
Focal Area (Emphasis)
Art is art that is designed to be transitory and temporary in nature. It makes a statement and eventually ceases to exist.
Often integrates with the surrounding environment and may change or disappear over time.
Ephemeral and Environmental Art
How Do Sculptures stimulate the Senses?
Refers to the physical interaction with the artwork, allowing us to feel the sculpture’s texture, smoothness, roughness, warmth, or coolness. Even if touching is prohibited, we can visually translate the tactile experience.
Touch
How Do Sculptures stimulate the Senses?
Reds, oranges, and yellows stimulate sensations of warmth; blues and greens, sensations of coolness. Weathering and aging can also add an element of time to our sensory experience.
Involves how the color and material choices affect our sensory responses.
Temperature and Age
How Do Sculptures stimulate the Senses?
Result from the interplay of lines, forms, and juxtaposition of elements. The three-dimensionality of sculptures enhances the sense of activity and movement within the artwork. As viewers move around the sculpture, they perceive a sense of dynamism, making the artwork appear animated.
Dynamics
It is how our senses respond to the scale and mass of the artwork. The weight and scale of a sculpture can influence our sensory experience. The same sculpture may elicit different sensory responses based on its size and the way materials like marble or wood are polished and presented.
Size
The direction, intensity, and sources of light, as well as the exhibition environment, can change the overall composition and perception of the artwork. Whether displayed indoors or outdoors, lighting and surroundings affect the sensory experience, making it more or less dramatic or emotional.
Lighting and Environment
