Music

Question 1

refers to a specific style of music, mostly
associated with the seventeenth century,

Answer 1

Classical

Question 2

is a setting of a poem for solo voice and piano. Typically, it adapts the poem’s mood and imagery into music.

Answer 2

Art Song

Question 3

Usually a choral work with one or more soloists and an instrumental ensemble, has
several movements. It often includes chorales and organ accompaniment.

Answer 3

Cantata

Question 4

originally meant a piece that was sung

Answer 4

Cantata

Question 5

a sacred choral composition, consists of five sections: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei

Answer 5

Mass

Question 6

• Was a major achievement of the baroque period
• A large-scale composition, uses a chorus, vocal soloists, and an orchestra.
• This type of musical composition unfolds through a series of choruses, arias, duets, recitatives, and
  orchestral interludes.

Answer 6

Oratorio

Question 7

• An extended composition for an instrumental soloist and orchestra reached its zenith during the classical period of the eighteenth century.
• It typically contains three movements, in which the first is fast, the second slow, and the third fast.

Answer 7

Concerto

Question 8

• An orchestral composition, usually in four movements,
• Came from the classical period of the eighteenth century
• typically lasts between twenty and forty-five minutes.

Answer 8

Symphony

Question 9

a polyphonic composition based on one main theme or subject, can be written for a group of instruments or voices or for a single instrument like an organ or harpsichord.

Answer 9

fugue (fyoog)

Question 10

began toward the end of the nineteenth century, These included an emphasis on improvisation, percussion, rhythmic complexity, and a characteristic called “call and response.”

Answer 10

Jazz

Question 11

a music genre originating in New Orleans, characterized by improvisation, syncopation, a steady beat, and unique tone colors

Answer 11

Blues

Question 12

also called Dixieland, is a form of jazz originating from spirituals, work songs, and gospel hymns. It features multiple melodic lines improvising simultaneously in the front line, supported by a rhythm section.

Answer 12

New Orleans Style

Question 13

is a type of piano music (occasionally played on other instruments) dating to the
1890s. Mostly growing out of the saloons and dancehalls of the South and Midwest

Answer 13

Ragtime

Question 14

• Emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, moved away from fixed chord progressions.
• It is characterized by two main aspects: creative improvisation and original compositions.
• This style is abstract, dense, and challenging to follow, often disregarding regular rhythmic patterns and melodic lines

Answer 14

Free Jazz

Question 15

In the 1970s and 1980s, jazz combined with elements of rock music to produce an extremely
popular style called

Answer 15

Fusion

Question 16

it has a pounding rhythm accenting the first beat of the measure. It is loud, intense, coarse, and fast in tempo

Answer 16

Rock and Roll

Question 17

Gained popularity in the 1970s, has been traced by some sources to the West African and Caribbean traditions of rhymed, rhythmic storytelling.

Answer 17

Rap

Question 18

anything that excites
the auditory nerve:

Answer 18

Sound

Question 19

the relative highness or lowness we hear in sound, represents a physical phenomenon measurable in vibrations per second.

Answer 19

Pitch

Question 20

degrees of loudness or softness in music

Answer 20

Dynamics

Question 21

signifies the character of tone that allows us to distinguish a pitch played on a violin, for example, from the same pitch played on a piano.

Answer 21

Tone Color

Question 22

individual pulses we hear are called

Answer 22

Beats

Question 23

Normal musical practice groups clusters of beats into units called

Answer 23

Measures

Question 24

is the rate of speed of the composition.

Answer 24

Tempo

Question 25

is a succession of sounds with the rhythmic and tonal organization.

Answer 25

Melody

Question 26

• When two or more tones sound at the same time
• is essentially a vertical arrangement, in contrast with the horizontal arrangement of melody.

Answer 26

Harmony

Question 27

refers to the utilization of a specific key or musical system, relying on major and minor scales in music from the sixteenth to the twentieth century.

Answer 27

Tonality

Question 28

In music, texture has
three characteristics:

Answer 28

monophony, polyphony, and homophony.

Question 29

When we have a single musical line without accompaniment, we have a texture
called

Answer 29

Monophony

Question 30

means “many sounding,” and it occurs when two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest are performed at the same time.

Answer 30

Polyphony

Question 32

When chords accompany one main melody, we have

Answer 32

Homophony

Question 33

• Used synonymously with opera, refers to serious or tragic opera, usually in five acts.
• Another name for this type of opera is opera seria (“serious opera”)

Answer 33

Grand Opera

Question 34

from the Italian word for “work,” began in late sixteenth-century Florence. It aimed to recreate ancient Greek drama, combining sung or chanted words with spoken dialogue.

Answer 34

Opera

Question 35

is comic opera, which usually does not have spoken dialogue. Usually uses satire to treat a serious topic with humor

Answer 35

Opera Buffa

Question 36

• type of opera with spoken dialogue, characterized by popular themes, a romantic mood, and often a humorous tone.
• more theatrical than musical, usually frivolous and sentimental.

Answer 36

Operetta