Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mens Urology > Scrotal and Testicular Disorders > Flashcards

Scrotal and Testicular Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

Undescended or absent testes
Incidence related to birth weight and gest age
Can be in full-term infants as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When doe spontaneous descent usually occur?

A

Often in first 3 months

Rarely after 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Changes in undescended testi

A

Delay in germ cell development
Changes in spermatic tubules
Reduced number of leydig cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

undescended testicles increase risk of?

A

Infertility

Malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hydrocele

A

Excess fluid btw tunica vaginalis

Usually peritoneal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Primary congenital hydrocele

A

Associated w/ indirect inguinal hernia

Usually close spontaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Secondary hydrocele

A 
Trauma
Infection
torsion
orchitis
CA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hydrocele dx

A

Transillumination

US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hydrocele in young man with no apparent cause =

A

CA until proven otherwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hydrocele tx

A

If needed, surgery

Treat underlying condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hematocele

A

Accumulation of blood in tunica vaginalis
Looks dark red or purple
Can compromise testicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spermatocele

A

Painless, sperm containing cyst forming at end of epididymis
Seperate from testis
Freely movable, should transilluminate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Varicocele

A

Varicosities of the pampiniform plexus
Sperm count and mobility decreased
Common in men btw 15 and 35 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which side os more common for varicocele?

A

Left side

L spermatic vein enters L renal vein at R angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Varicocele usually dissapears in ____ position.

A

supine position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Varicocele looks like a bag of?

A

worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

varicocele tx

A

Surgical ligation of gonadal vein

NSAIDS and scrotal support

18
Q

Testicular torsion

A

Twisting of the spermatic chord
Usually presents before 18
Acute emergency

19
Q

COngenital/neonate torsion

A

Less common
FIrm, smooth and painless scrotal mass
Scrotal skin appears red

20
Q

Torsion rarely seen after age

A

30

21
Q

S/S of torsion

A

Severe distress/pain
N/V, tachycardia
Large, firm, tender testes
Pain radiates to inguinal area

22
Q

Torsion tx

A

manual detorsion (open a book)
Surgical detorsion
Orchiectomy

23
Q

Epididymitis

A

Can be STI (young) or non-STI (old)
Associated w/ urethritis
Almost always bacterial

24
Q

Non-STI epididymitis bugs

A

E-coli

Pseudomonas

25
Q

Epididymitis S/S

A 
Unilateral pain and swelling in testis
Erythema and edema can be large
Tenderness in groin and abdomen
Fever
dysuria
26
Q

Epididymitis tx

A

Bedrest
Scrotal support
Abx
Oral alangesics

27
Q

Orchitis

A

Infection of the testes

Caused by GU infxn

28
Q

Orchitis S/S

A

Mumps can cause
Urinary symptoms are absent
No treatment
Some have impaired spermatogenesis for life

29
Q

Carcinoma of SCROTUM is ?

A

Rare

30
Q

ALmost all tumors of testicles are?

A

Malignant

31
Q

Scrotal CA

A

Mean presentation of 60 yrs
Small wart like thing that ulcerates
Preceded by many years of irritation
More than 1/2 cases metastasize to lymph nodes

32
Q

Testicular CA

A

Most common cause of CA in 15 - 35 yo age group.

Highly curable if discovered early

33
Q

Testicular CA risks

A

Cryptorchidism (strongest)
Genetics
Disorders of testicular development
Trauma NOT known precipitant

34
Q

95% of malignant tumors are ___ cell tumors

A

Germ cell tumors

35
Q

Seminoma

A 
Most common type of testicular tumor
Most are confined to testicle
Grow slowly, don't spread rapidly
Most frequent in 4th decade
Almost never occurs in kids
36
Q

Nonseminomas (NSGCT’s)

A

Most commonly in 20-30 age group
Less differentiated than seminomas
More likely to spread in bloodstream

37
Q

S/S of testicular CA

A 
Slight enlargement of testicle
May be discomfort
Aching of abdomen and groin
Solid, painless mass
Non-transilluminating
38
Q

Testicular CA metastatic sites

A

Lymph nodes
Liver
Lung
Brain

39
Q

Dx and Tx of testicular CA

A

No biopsy
US or MRI
Excision to confirm

40
Q

Tumor markers for testicular CA

A

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
hCG
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)

Mens Urology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions