screening of diseases Flashcards
what is screening
search of unrecognised diseases/defects in apparently healthy by means of rapidly applied tests
what is the advantage gained by screening test
lead time
highest 5 year survival post screening is seen in which cancer
colonic cancer
what is lead time
time leading to the detection of disease .
it’s between screening test and usual time of diagnosis
diagnostic and screening test of TB
DIAGNOSTIC- sputum smear(acid fast bacilli we use Ziehl neelsen stain),CBNATT(cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test), chest x ray,LPA(line pro assay), ALC(automated liquid culture),TST(tuberculin skin testing)
SCREENING-cough >2 weeks
diagnostic and screening test of malaria
DIAGNOSIS-peripheral blood smear for malarial parasite
we use JSB(JASWANT SINGH BHATTACHARYA) Stain
SCREENING- any fever
diagnostic and screening test of leprosy
DIAGNOSIS-clinical examination
SCREENING-any skin hypnoanesthesia
diagnostic and screening test of HIV
SCREENING-elisa,rapid,simple (they are called ERS battery)
DIAGNOSIS-western blot essay
diagnostic and screening test of breast cancer
DIAGNOSIS- FNAC ,(fine needle aspiration cytology ) used for preliminary diagnosis , confirmed diagnosis is done by biopsy
SCREENING- mammography,thermography , ultrasonography,breast self examination,palpation by surgeon
best test for breast cancer screening
mammography(cant use in females<35 age)
what are the properties of screening test
sensitivity
specificity
positive predictive value
negative predictive value
what is precision of screening test
the test should be-- consistent repeatability reproducibility precision is also called reliability
what is accuracy of screening test
close to true/actual value
accuracy is also called validity
charts that test precision/reliability
R-Chart
Range chart
charts that test accuracy/validity
levy jennings chart
mean chart
shewhart control chart
