Screening and prevention Flashcards
What is the most sensitive investigation to look for developmental dysplasia in a 8 week old child?
Ultrasound of both hips
Which of the following are true in infants ?
a) Height is recorded from birth
b) Head circumference is recorded upto 12 months
c) Adequacy of child growth can be assessed by a single emasurement and serial recordings ar enot necessary
d) Hip screening for DDH is undertaken at birth and 6-8 weeks
e) Amblyopia cannot be prevented by early recognition of strabismus
d) Hip screening for DDH is undertaken at birth and 6-8 weeks
a) from 3 years
b) Head circumference 6 months
Which of the following is false with regards to screening of children?
a) Visual acutiy should be formally asssessed at school entry using Sheridan Gardner charts
b) Hearing should be tested by pure tone audiometry at 1000 and 4000 hertz when child is 4 years of age
c) Formal audiological evaluation should be carried out at any time if there is a clinical suspicion or parenteral concerns
d) Testicular maldescent is screened for at birth and 6-8 weeks
e) Screening of females by forward flexion at 12 years of age is useful to rule out scoliosis
Answer e) Screening of females by forward flexion at 12 years of age is useful to rule out scoliosis
Which of the following is true regarding screening in children?
a) Regular dental check is not necessary in children as they usually have minimal disease
b) Heart should be checked for CHD at birth, first few days after birth and at 6-8 weeks
c) Testing for absence of femoral pulses at birth and 8 weeks is not useful in excluding coarctation of aorta
d) It is essential to screen teenages for scoliosis
e) It is important to screen for vitami D deficiency in children
Answer b) Heart should be checked for CHD at birth, first few days after birth and at 6-8 weeks
Which of the following is false with regards to adult screening?
a) BP should be recorded at least 1-2 years on all people 16 years and over
b) All adults aged 45 and over should have a 5 year estimation of cholesterol
c) All patients over 40 should be screened every 3 years for blood suagr level
d) Mammogram should be perfomed every 2 years from 40-70 years
e) Women aged 18-70 years who have ever been sexually active should have a pap smear every 2 years
Answer d) Mammogram should be perfomed every 2 years from 40-70 years
Which of the following is false with regards to screening in adults?
a) FOBT every 2 years for screening people over 50 years without symptoms and with average or slightly above average risk
b) Colonoscopy is recommended from 25-30 years of ageas a screening tool if >3 relatives on same side of family with CRC, 2 or more diagnsoed with CRC <50 years of age or a family member wher egenetic studies indetify a high risk
c) PSA is used as a screening tool from 50 years of age
d) Oral cavity needs to be inspected yearly in patients over 40
e) US screening for AAA is not recommended currently
Answer c) PSA is used as a screening tool from 50 years of age
Which of the following is false with regards to immunisation?
a) All adults should receive an adult DPT atleast every 10 years
b) All pregnant women should have their rubella status reviewed and vaccinated if not immune
c) Absolute contraindications to vaccination include encephalopathy within 7 days of previous DTP or an immediate severe or anaphylactic reaction after immunisation
d) Deltoid is used for vaccination in children over 1 year of age
e) Influenza vaccine is recommended annually for people with chronic debilitationg medical conditions, over 65 years or over 50 in indigenous people
Answer b) All pregnant women should have their rubella status reviewed and vaccinated if not immune
Which of the following is false with regards to immunisation?
a) Q fever vaccine is recommended for abattoir workers and is virtually 100% effective
b) Non immune postpartum women should be vaccinated with MMR vaccine
c) Non vaccinated and non immune people over 12 years need 2 doses of varicella vaccine
d) HPV vaccine is recommended for all women from 9-26 years
e) Anterolateral thigh is not the preferred site in children less than 12 months
e) Anterolateral thigh is not the preferred site in children less than 12 months
Hep A vaccine is recommended for all of the following groups except
a) High risk occupation groups such as health workers, child care workers and sewage workers
b) Non-immune homosexual men
c) Chronic liver disease and recipeints of blood products
d) Household contacts of Hep B patients
e) travellers to Hep A endemic areas
d) Household contacts of Hep B patients
A 4 year old girl who recently migrated from a refugee camp from Somalia is noted to be grossly underweight, muscle wastinng and hungry. On examination, she has no oedema, has a old face and no fat on the body. What is the diagnosis and how to manage?
a) Marasmus
b) Protein and calorie needs to be added
A 4 year old girl who recently migrated from Iran is noted to have a moon face, pale and thined hair. Mum says she is anorexic and has swelling to the legs. On examination, she has oedema and has thinned out hair. What is the diagnosis and how to manage?
a) Kwashiorkor
b) Mainly protein repletion
True/False
Glycameic Index is a numerical index which is a measure of the capacity to increase post-prandial glucose levels compared to a glucose load and lower GI indicates less rise in glucose level and lesser insulin response
True
All of the following are risk factors for gout except
a) Tinned fish
b) Organ meats
c) Alcohol
d) Fizzy sugar drinks
e) Increased water intake
e) Increased water intake
Theme vitamin Deficiency
a) Vitamin A (Beta carotene/retinol_
b) Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
c) Vitamin B2(Riboflavin)
d) Vitamin B3 (Niacin/nicotinic acid)
e) Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
f) Vitamin B12(cobalamin)
g) Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
h) Vitamin D (calciferols)
i) Vitamin E (tocopherol)
j) vitamin K (phylloquinone)
k) Folic acid
1) Responsible for pernicious anaemia and neural tube defects in the fetus
2) Causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in alcoholics
3) It causes impaired growth, skeletal deformities, inability to walk, bone pain, dental deformities and muscle weakness
4) Dryness to the conjunctiva and growth retardation in a refugess child from Subsaharan Africa
5) Pernicious anaemia and memory dysfunction
6) Weakness, bleeding and swollen gums, atraumatic haemarthrosis, impaired wound healing and bone growth
7) Dry scaly skin and angular cheilitis
1) Folic acid
2) B1 (thiamine)
3) Vitamin D deficiency (Rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults
4) Vitamin A deficiency
5) B12 deficiency
6) Vitamin C deficiency (Scurvy)
7) Riboflavin deficiency
