Scots emigration - australia Flashcards
transport - shipping
scots were involved in shipbuilding. as global trade grew, the demand for larger and faster ships increased.
many scots took their knowledge of the shipping industry from the ports of leith and the clyde to australia.
andrew mcllwraith and malcolm mceachern created the scottish line and established themselves as shipping and insurance agents. They built 7 ships between 1876 and 1879. by 1887, they had established offices in newcastle, sydney, perth, adelaide and fremantle.
heavy industry - mining
scots were involved in the development of mining - essential to power industrial plants, railways and shipping.
many scots tried their luck in the gold rush and although not all struck gold, many chose to settle in these areas and work in coal mines and other developing industries.
james and alexander brown set up large coal mines in newcastle and new south wales. by 1914 their mines were producing 8% of all coal in the region.
agriculture
scots emigrants took advantage of the availability of cheap farm land.
scottish sheep farmers realised the vast amount of cheap land available would allow them to expand into the australian sheep market.
john peter, became a sheep farmer. by the 1860s, he had become the richest emigrant in new south wales owning 17 farms covering nearly 300,000 hectares.
scots were able to apply their farming traditions and skills in developing their new land but were also adaptable and willing to experiment with new crops such as sugar or with new techniques such as irrigation.
banking and finance
to allow commerce and the economy to grow, scots were involved in banking, finance and insurance.
lachlan macquarie was the founder of the first australian bank in 1817. leslie duguid founded the commercial banking company of sydney in 1834.
specific national industry
john buncle, spotted the gap in the market for good quality agricultural and industrial tools, so in 1852, he established the school of design in hotham, melbourne.
politics
with political involvement, scots shaped the structures of government, law and institutions.
lachlan macquarie established the first bank in australia and its currency. he oversaw the expansion of colonial territory.
andrew fisher, coal miner in scotland and trade union activist, was a founding member of the labour party and went on to become prime minister.
education
scots influenced education by
