Scope and Focus - Urban Geography

Question 1

Pacione (2013) identified seven (7)
‘trigger factors’ underlying
contemporary urban change. What are they?

Answer 1

• Demographic Change
• Social Change
• Technological Change
• Economic Change
• Cultural Change
• Political Change
• Environmental Change

Question 2

Pacione (2013) identified seven (7)
‘processes’ underlying
contemporary urban change.
Enumerate all of them.

Answer 2

• Reurbanisation
• Exurbanisation
• Suburbanisation
• Urbanisation
• Counterurbanisation
• Exourbanisation
• Peripheral Urbanisation

Question 3

Pacione (2013) identified three (3)
‘outcomes’ arising from the
triggers factors and processes of
urban change Enumerate all of
them.

Answer 3

• Urban Systems
• Urbanism
• Urban Places

Question 4

Seeks to explain the distribution of towns and cities and the socio-spatial similarities and contrasts that exist between and within them.

Answer 4

Urban geography

Question 5

Intensification of worldwide social relation

Answer 5

Globalization

Question 6

Urban geography is not just about the ______? (urban systems) but also about _____? (urbanism) and _____? (urban places)

Answer 6

Physical Space, Behavior, Conditions

Question 7

Cities grow at the cost of their surrounding countryside

Answer 7

Urbanization

Question 8

Urban comes from Latin word ____? which comes from the Latin word of city called ____?

Answer 8

Urbanus, Urbs/Urb-

Question 9

What does it mean to be urban in the Philippines?
- Legal definition

Answer 9

• City (1st to 6th)
• Highly urbanized city (HUC), Independent component cities (ICC),
  Component cities (CC)
• Metropolitan
• Urban barangays

Question 10

• Locally generated income of at
  least _____?

and

• A population of at least ____? or
• A contiguous territory of ____?

Answer 10

Cityhood, 100 million PHP, 150,000, 100 Square Kilometers

Question 11

200,000 inhabitants, annual income of 50,000,000 pesos
___ in the country,
___ in Metro Manila.

Answer 11

Highly Urbanized City (HUC), 33, 16

Question 12

Prohibit residents from voting for provincial officials. (e.g. Naga (Camarines Sur), Ormoc, and Santiago, Cotabato, Dagupan)

Answer 12

Independent Component Cities (ICC)

Question 13

Do not meet the preceding requirements and deemed part of the province

Answer 13

Component cities (CC)

Question 14

Metropolis in the PH and their corresponding authority:

Answer 14

• Metro Manila - Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
• Metro Cebu - Metro Cebu Development and Coordinating Board
• Metro Davao - Metropolitan Davao Development Authority
• Metro Zamboanga

Question 15

Urban Barangay Criteria:

Answer 15

• Population size of 5,000 or more
• At least one establishment with a minimum of 100 employees
• If a barangay has 5 or more establishments with a minimum of 10 employees, and 5 or more facilities

Question 16

• The study of systems of cities
• The study of the city as a system
• The study of cities as systems
  within a system of cities

Answer 16

Urban Geography

Question 17

What makes a city?

Answer 17

• Water / Natural Habitat
• Transportation System
• Settlement / Housing
• Market Economy
• Trading Centers / CBD
• Fault line / Natural Hazards
• Religion
• Health Systems
• Political Systems
• Education
• Culture / Social Relations
• Communication Facilities

Question 18

“We each have our own conception of what a city is and of our local town or city. The same urban space can be seen in different ways by residents, tourists, workers, elderly people, unemployed people, women and children.”

“For the homeless person the city may be a cold, anonymous and inhospitable place; for the elderly a spatially restricted world; for the wealthy a cornucopia of opportunity and well-
being.”

Answer 18

Urban as a Quality of Life

Question 19

Although the notion of environmental determinism is now discredited, the influence of environmental factors on residential location can be seen in the problems of building in hazardous zones, and in the effects of architectural design on social behavior.

Answer 19

Environmentalism

Question 20

Uses statistical analysis of objective social, economic, and demographic data (e.g. factorial ecology) to reveal areas in the city that display similar residential characteristics.

Answer 20

Positivism

Question 21

Addresses the key question of why people and households relocate by examining the motives and strategies underlying the intra-urban migration of different social groups

Answer 21

Behaviouralism

Question 22

Explains how different individuals and social groups interact with their perceived environments, as in the differential use of public or private spaces within a city or residential neighborhood.

Answer 22

Humanism

Question 23

Illustrates how urban residential structures is affected by the ability of professional and bureaucratic gatekeepers to control access to resources, such as social housing or mortgage finance.

Answer 23

Managerialism

Question 24

Examines the way in which political and economic forces and actors (e.g. financial institutions, property speculators, and estate agents) influence the residential structure of a city through their activities in urban land and housing markets.

Answer 24

Structuralism

Question 25

Explores the place of different social groups in the residential mosaic of the city by focusing on the particular lifestyles and residential experiences of various populations such as ethnic minorities, affluent groups, gays, the elderly, disabled, and the poor.

Answer 25

Postmodernism

Question 26

Emphasizes the interrelationships between cultural and residential environments across the globe as a consequence of globalization, as evidence in links between Third World rural villages and minority ethnic communities in Western Cities.

Answer 26

Transnationalism

Question 27

Illuminates the effects of the colonial era on contemporary urban environments in both former colonizing and colonized states as, for example, in the continuing influence of Western planning regulations in the form of urban development in Third World cities.

Answer 27

Postcolonialism

Question 28

Critically evaluates the underpinnings of issues such as homelessness or the incidence of slums and squatter settlements.

Answer 28

Moral Philosophy

Question 29

The _____? is the area immediately around one’s home; it usually displays some homogeneity in terms of housing type, ethnicity or socio-cultural values.

Answer 29

Neighborhood

Question 30

____? are centres of economic production and consumption, arenas of social networks and cultural activities, and the seat of government and administration.

Answer 30

Cities

Question 31

The spread of urban influences into surrounding rural areas and, in particular, the spatial expansion of cities have introduced concepts such as urban region, metropolis, metroplex, conurbation and megalopolis into urban geography.

Answer 31

Region

Question 32

Cities are affected by nationally defined goals established in pursuit of objectives that extend beyond urban concerns.

Answer 32

National System of Cities

Question 33

The concept of a ________? reflects the growing interdependence of nations and cities within the global political economy. In this urban system, ‘world cities’ occupy a distinctive niche owing to their role as political and financial control centres.

Answer 33

The World System of Cities