Scope and Focus - Urban Geography Flashcards
Pacione (2013) identified seven (7)
‘trigger factors’ underlying
contemporary urban change. What are they?
- Demographic Change
- Social Change
- Technological Change
- Economic Change
- Cultural Change
- Political Change
- Environmental Change
Pacione (2013) identified seven (7)
‘processes’ underlying
contemporary urban change.
Enumerate all of them.
- Reurbanisation
- Exurbanisation
- Suburbanisation
- Urbanisation
- Counterurbanisation
- Exourbanisation
- Peripheral Urbanisation
Pacione (2013) identified three (3)
‘outcomes’ arising from the
triggers factors and processes of
urban change Enumerate all of
them.
- Urban Systems
- Urbanism
- Urban Places
Seeks to explain the distribution of towns and cities and the socio-spatial similarities and contrasts that exist between and within them.
Urban geography
Intensification of worldwide social relation
Globalization
Urban geography is not just about the ______? (urban systems) but also about _____? (urbanism) and _____? (urban places)
Physical Space, Behavior, Conditions
Cities grow at the cost of their surrounding countryside
Urbanization
Urban comes from Latin word ____? which comes from the Latin word of city called ____?
Urbanus, Urbs/Urb-
What does it mean to be urban in the Philippines?
- Legal definition
- City (1st to 6th)
- Highly urbanized city (HUC), Independent component cities (ICC),
Component cities (CC) - Metropolitan
- Urban barangays
- Locally generated income of at
least _____?
and
- A population of at least ____? or
- A contiguous territory of ____?
Cityhood, 100 million PHP, 150,000, 100 Square Kilometers
200,000 inhabitants, annual income of 50,000,000 pesos
___ in the country,
___ in Metro Manila.
Highly Urbanized City (HUC), 33, 16
Prohibit residents from voting for provincial officials. (e.g. Naga (Camarines Sur), Ormoc, and Santiago, Cotabato, Dagupan)
Independent Component Cities (ICC)
Do not meet the preceding requirements and deemed part of the province
Component cities (CC)
Metropolis in the PH and their corresponding authority:
- Metro Manila - Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
- Metro Cebu - Metro Cebu Development and Coordinating Board
- Metro Davao - Metropolitan Davao Development Authority
- Metro Zamboanga
Urban Barangay Criteria:
- Population size of 5,000 or more
- At least one establishment with a minimum of 100 employees
- If a barangay has 5 or more establishments with a minimum of 10 employees, and 5 or more facilities
- The study of systems of cities
- The study of the city as a system
- The study of cities as systems
within a system of cities
Urban Geography
What makes a city?
- Water / Natural Habitat
- Transportation System
- Settlement / Housing
- Market Economy
- Trading Centers / CBD
- Fault line / Natural Hazards
- Religion
- Health Systems
- Political Systems
- Education
- Culture / Social Relations
- Communication Facilities
“We each have our own conception of what a city is and of our local town or city. The same urban space can be seen in different ways by residents, tourists, workers, elderly people, unemployed people, women and children.”
“For the homeless person the city may be a cold, anonymous and inhospitable place; for the elderly a spatially restricted world; for the wealthy a cornucopia of opportunity and well-
being.”
Urban as a Quality of Life
Although the notion of environmental determinism is now discredited, the influence of environmental factors on residential location can be seen in the problems of building in hazardous zones, and in the effects of architectural design on social behavior.
Environmentalism
Uses statistical analysis of objective social, economic, and demographic data (e.g. factorial ecology) to reveal areas in the city that display similar residential characteristics.
Positivism
Addresses the key question of why people and households relocate by examining the motives and strategies underlying the intra-urban migration of different social groups
Behaviouralism
Explains how different individuals and social groups interact with their perceived environments, as in the differential use of public or private spaces within a city or residential neighborhood.
Humanism
Illustrates how urban residential structures is affected by the ability of professional and bureaucratic gatekeepers to control access to resources, such as social housing or mortgage finance.
Managerialism
Examines the way in which political and economic forces and actors (e.g. financial institutions, property speculators, and estate agents) influence the residential structure of a city through their activities in urban land and housing markets.
Structuralism
Explores the place of different social groups in the residential mosaic of the city by focusing on the particular lifestyles and residential experiences of various populations such as ethnic minorities, affluent groups, gays, the elderly, disabled, and the poor.
Postmodernism
Emphasizes the interrelationships between cultural and residential environments across the globe as a consequence of globalization, as evidence in links between Third World rural villages and minority ethnic communities in Western Cities.
Transnationalism
Illuminates the effects of the colonial era on contemporary urban environments in both former colonizing and colonized states as, for example, in the continuing influence of Western planning regulations in the form of urban development in Third World cities.
Postcolonialism
Critically evaluates the underpinnings of issues such as homelessness or the incidence of slums and squatter settlements.
Moral Philosophy
The _____? is the area immediately around one’s home; it usually displays some homogeneity in terms of housing type, ethnicity or socio-cultural values.
Neighborhood
____? are centres of economic production and consumption, arenas of social networks and cultural activities, and the seat of government and administration.
Cities
The spread of urban influences into surrounding rural areas and, in particular, the spatial expansion of cities have introduced concepts such as urban region, metropolis, metroplex, conurbation and megalopolis into urban geography.
Region
Cities are affected by nationally defined goals established in pursuit of objectives that extend beyond urban concerns.
National System of Cities
The concept of a ________? reflects the growing interdependence of nations and cities within the global political economy. In this urban system, ‘world cities’ occupy a distinctive niche owing to their role as political and financial control centres.
The World System of Cities
