Scope

Question 1

navigate. The scope of a project is made up of both project scope and product scope. What’s the difference?
a. Product scope refers to all the needs to be addressed in order to create the product, service, or outcome, whereas project scope refers to the features, characteristics, and functions of the product, service, or outcome.
b. Product scope ensures that the project contains all the work that is required to build the product; project scope refers to everything else.
c. Product scope refers to the features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result; project scope refers to the work performed to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions.
d. Product scope focuses on the supply chains and assembly lines, whereas project scope focuses on the features and functions that characterize a product service or outcome.

Answer 1

c. The product scope of work is often said to define the “what”; project scope defines the “how

Question 2

Which of the following statements best describes the Control Scope process?

a. It is the process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline.
b. It is the process of monitoring each team member’s performance and the successful delivery of their assigned tasks.
c. It is the process of controlling the project scope by documenting each milestone achieved.
d. It is the process of monitoring stakeholder requirements through regular updates

Answer 2

A. Control Scope is the process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline. All changes must follow the Change Control process, and all changes must take into consideration the impact on schedule, cost, quality, resources, risks, and so forth.

Question 3

navigate. The Plan Scope Management process documents how the project and product scope will be defined, validated, and controlled. What is the primary output document of the Plan Scope Management process?
a. The project management plan
b. The project charter
c. Scope management plan
d. The product scope plan

Answer 3

c. The two primary outputs of the Plan Scope Management process are the scope management plan and the requirements management plan.

Question 4

A component of the project or program management plan that describes how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed is called the _____________________________.

a. Requirements management plan
b. Scope management plan
c. Project charter
d. Project Statement of Work (SOW

Answer 4

A. The requirements management plan is a component of the project or program management plan that describes how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed.

Question 5

A condition or capability that is necessary to be present in a product, service, or result to satisfy a business need is called:

a. A requirement
b. A configuration
c. A specification
d. A stakeholder need

Answer 5

A.

Question 6

A company-wide project has just been initiated that will impact a large number of company associates. Because you need to gather information from this large pool of people, you need to utilize a tool or technique whereby the results can easily be quantified. Therefore, the best tool for you to use would be what?

a. Interviewing
b. Surveys and questionnaires
c. Prototyping
d. Delphi technique

Answer 6

B. Automated surveys can allow you to rapidly get information back from a large number of people and allow you to easily quantify the results.

Question 7

Requirements should be __________________ to prove that the requirements have been met.

a. Documented
b. Shared with all stakeholders
c. Quantifiable
d. Qualitative

Answer 7

c. While you are collecting requirements for a project, you should also determine how to show they’ve been met. To help with this, all requirements should be quantifiable.

Question 8

Judy is holding a meeting with key stakeholders. They are actively involved and are providing a large number of ideas on requirements for the new project. Judy and her team need to sort these ideas into groups for review and analysis in order to help the stakeholders consolidate them into more meaningful requirements. Which of the following tools would be the best choice for Judy’s team to use in order to accomplish this task?

a. Brainstorming
b. Paretto chart
c. Affinity diagram
d. Idea/mind mapping

Answer 8

C. The best answer choice is C. An affinity diagram is typically used to group and sort a large number of ideas for review and analysis

Question 9

When using multicriteria decision analysis, the sum of the criterion weights should add up to which of the following?

a. 10
b. 100
c. 100%
d. It depends on the number of requirements

Answer 9

C. It is a best practice for the sum of the criterion weights to add up to 100%

Question 10

When creating a simple requirements register, which of the following would you not expect to see included?

a. Stakeholder name and position
b. Location of the vendor
c. Description and type of requirement
d. Acceptance criteria and urgency/need for the requirement

Answer 10

B. Vendor location is often not a requirements consideration and, therefore, would not be listed

Question 11

Which of the following terms define the functions and features that characterize a product, service, or result?

a. Project requirements
b. Product scope
c. Project scope
d. Scope baseline

Answer 11

The best answer choice is B. The features and functions that define and characterize a product, service, or result are known as the product scope.

Question 12

Which of the following describes the features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result?

a. Project scope
b. Scope statement
c. Product scope
d. Scope baseline

Answer 12

The best answer choice is C. Because the product, service, or result is the result of the project, the term that defines the features and functions of that product, service, or result is the product scope

Question 13

Alexi is a project manager for a new project involving automating a labor-intensive activity for a widget manufacturing firm. Her project is currently in the planning phase, and she has gathered the necessary functional, security, and compliance requirements and consolidated them into the project’s requirements documentation. When she presents this information at a team meeting, one of the members asks Alexi about his specific responsibilities and the timeline for his work in the project. In this scenario, how should Alexi reply?

a. The team member should refer to the project management plan.
b. The timeline is created when the WBS is developed.
c. The timeline is created during after activities are identified, resources are assigned, and duration estimates are available.
d. The team member should ask those type of questions after the meeting is concluded.

Answer 13

The best answer choice is C. Alexi is presenting the project requirements at this meeting. The WBS will be created later and will provide the information the team member is requesting.

Question 14

The Project Scope Statement is a description of the project scope, major deliverables, acceptance criteria, and exclusions. It is an output of the Define Scope process. What information do you need to create the Project Scope Statement?

a. The project charter and the scope management plan
b. The project charter and the WBS
c. The scope management plan and the project contract
d. The requirements management plan and the project charter

Answer 14

A. Inputs into the Define Scope process include the project charter, project management plan (which contains the scope management plan), project documents, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets.

Question 15

A set of conditions that is required to be met before deliverables are accepted is called:

a. The requirements matrix
b. Acceptance criteria
c. Contract fulfillment
d. Needs analysis

Answer 15

B. Per the PMBOK® Guide definition, a set of conditions that is required to be met before deliverables are accepted is called acceptance criteria

Question 16

Which of the following acronyms defines the hierarchical decomposition of the project work that is required by the project team?

a. RAM
b. RBS
c. OBS
d. WBS

Answer 16

The best answer choice is D because WBS is the acronym for the Work Breakdown Structure and defines a hierarchical decomposition of the work required of the project team.

Question 17

One component of the project management plan is the scope baseline. When a change request is approved, the impact of that change is measured as it relates to the project scope and the scope baseline is readjusted. What are the components of the scope baseline?

a. Project schedule, WBS, and project charter
b. Project management plan, WBS, and project scope statement
c. Project scope statement, risk register, and project charter
d. Project scope statement, WBS, WBS dictionary

Answer 17

The best answer choice is D because the project scope statement, WBS, and WBS dictionary comprise the scope baseline.

Question 18

navigate. Dave has just joined the project team and is experiencing some degree of difficulty in determining the quality requirements and acceptance criteria for the activity for which he is responsible. Of the documents listed below, which one would provide the information Dave needs to know?
a. Work Breakdown Structure
b. WBS dictionary
c. Project management plan
d. Project scope management plan

Answer 18

The best answer choice is B because the WBS dictionary provides details regarding the quality requirements and acceptance criteria for each component of the WBS

Question 19

navigate. Paula is a new project manager who has just begun planning a complex project. She needs to comprehend the details of the work that is required from the project team members. In order to gain a better understanding, Paula needs to break the work down into smaller pieces in a logical way to manage it more efficiently. Which of the following defines what Paula is doing?
a. Define activity durations
b. Decomposition
c. Progressive elaboration
d. Earned Value management

Answer 19

The best answer choice is B. Decomposition is the process of dividing the project scope and deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.

Question 20

navigate. Patricia is placing control accounts at selected management points in the WBS. She is including one or more work packages in each account but making certain that only one work package is associated with only one control account. These management control points will be used to integrate scope, budget, Actual Cost, and schedule and compare these to which of the following in order to measure performance?
a. Planned value
b. Planned cost
c. Earned Value
d. Schedule baseline

Answer 20

The best answer choice is C. A control account is used to integrate scope, budget, Actual Cost, and schedule and allow for comparison to Earned Value for performance measurement.

Question 21

navigate. Probably the most important tool available to a project manager (and their team) for outlining the total scope of the project is:
a. The procurement management plan
b. The risk management plan
c. The WBS (work breakdown structure)
d. The communications management plan

Answer 21

C. The creation of the WBS, which is an output of planning, defines and communicates the scope of the project.

Question 22

A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the work breakdown structure is called:

a. A project schedule
b. Network diagram
c. WBS dictionary
d. WBS reference guide

Answer 22

The WBS dictionary documents all details, along with any additional information about WBS elements. This could include a step-by-step process or work instructions necessary to complete that WBS element.

Question 23

navigate. When it’s necessary to decompose and organize the scope of a project, what types of information prove to be most helpful?
a. Scope Management plan, Statement of Work, enterprise environmental factors, implementation plan
b. Integration plan, project glossary, control documentation, organizational process assets
c. Scope management plan, curriculum plan, control documentation, decomposition work judgments
d. Scope Management plan, scope statement, requirements documentation, organizational process assets, enterprise environmental factors

Answer 23

D. Scope Management plan, scope statement, requirements documentation, organizational process assets, and enterprise environmental factors are the various types of information utilized in the WBS to break down and organize the project scope.

Question 24

A hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables is called:

a. A deliverable chart
b. The work breakdown structure (WBS)
c. A working scope document
d. Project contract

Answer 24

B. By definition, a hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables is called the WBS.

Question 25

The project management plan, verified deliverables, and requirements documentation are inputs to which of the following processes?

a. Validate Scope
b. Define Scope
c. Control Scope
d. Plan Scope Management

Answer 25

The best answer choice is A because the items listed are inputs to the Validate Scope process.

Question 26

navigate. Mark is managing a project involving manufacturing a new CMOS sensor for a digital camera. He has directed his team to perform optical tests to determine whether the number of pixels contained on the sensor image meets the specifications on the requirements documentation. Which technique is the team performing?
a. Manage quality
b. Control quality
c. Inspection
d. Collect requirements

Answer 26

The best answer choice is C because the team is performing an inspection of the product to determine whether it meets the specifications of the requirements.

Question 27

Before the project team can close the project, the stakeholders must formally accept the deliverables. Which of the following choices defines this process?

a. Validate Scope
b. Verify Scope
c. Define Scope
d. Control Scope

Answer 27

The best answer choice is A because the Validate Scope process involves obtaining the stakeholders’ formal acceptance of the project deliverables.

Question 28

Which of the following processes is defined as formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables?

a. Validate Scope
b. Control Scope
c. Close Project or Phase
d. Define Scope

Answer 28

The best answer choice is A because Validate Scope is the process defined in the question.

Question 29

As the project manager, you are working with the stakeholders to get formal acceptance of the project deliverables. Which of the following processes are you conducting?

a. Verify Scope
b. Validate Scope
c. Monitor Stakeholder Engagement
d. Control Scope

Answer 29

The best answer choice is B because documenting the scope for the stakeholders is done in the Validate Scope process

Question 30

navigate. Which of the following are inputs to the Validate Scope process?
a. Verified deliverables, project management plan, and Work performance data
b. Requirements documentation, project management plan, and work results
c. Organizational process assets, project management plan, and WBS dictionary
d. Requirements traceability matrices, product requirements, and work results

Answer 30

The best answer choice is A because the inputs listed are inputs to the Validate Scope process.

Question 31

navigate. Cynthia has met with her customer and received a formal verification that all project deliverables are acceptable and meet the requirements. This verification will become an input to which of the following processes?
a. Control Scope
b. Verify Scope
c. Validate Scope
d. Close Project

Answer 31

The best answer choice is C. Verified deliverables are an input to the Validate Scope process

Question 32

Performed periodically throughout the project, as needed, the Validate Scope process formalizes acceptance of the completed project deliverables. To accept deliverables, the customer looks at the scope baseline and the requirements. Which of the following is NOT a document you would use to validate scope?

a. The WBS dictionary
b. The requirements documentation
c. The Requirements Traceability Matrix
d. Integration documents

Answer 32

D. Integration documents are not used to validate scope

Question 33

navigate. The key benefit of the Validate Scope process is that it brings objectivity to the acceptance process and increases the probability of final product, service, or result acceptance. What is the primary output of the Validate Scope process?
a. Close-out of the project
b. Accepted deliverables
c. Ensuring that deliverables meet performance criteria
d. Ensuring that the project team thoroughly understands scope requirements

Answer 33

B. In Validate Scope, you want the customer or sponsor to accept and sign off on deliverables

Question 34

A requirement states that a newly implemented software program must pull information for multiple reports and then analyze the data showing a range and standard deviation. To meet this requirement, which of the following inspection techniques should you use?

a. Measure
b. Inspect
c. Examine
d. Test

Answer 34

D. Because you can’t see what is happening, you have to infer, based on the result. This is an example of how you perform testing.

Question 35

Formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables is the primary output of which of the following processes?

a. Control Scope
b. Validate Scope
c. Requirements analysis
d. Contracting validation

Answer 35

B. Validate Scope refers to the process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.

Question 36

Which of the following documents would contain the change management plan, the configuration management plan, and the scope baseline?

a. Requirements management plan
b. Scope Management plan
c. Project charter
d. Project management plan

Answer 36

The best answer choice is D because the project management plan includes all of the subsidiary plans and baselines.

Question 37

navigate. During a review of the project performance, Emily is comparing the schedule baseline to the actual performance. Which of the following activities is Emily performing?
a. Earned Value analysis
b. Monte Carlo simulation
c. Estimate activity durations
d. Variance analysis

Answer 37

The best answer choice is D because variance analysis is used to determine the difference between actual performance and the baseline

Question 38

Gold plating is a term used to define the act of adding additional features to a project’s product. As a project manager, Claude suspects one of his team members is involved in gold plating for the customer. Because it is Claude’s responsibility to remain alert to this possibility in order to reduce or eliminate any scope creep, which of the following documents would provide the information Claude needs to help him determine whether it is occurring?

a. WBS
b. Project charter
c. Roles and responsibility matrix
d. Activity duration estimates

Answer 38

The best answer choice is A. The WBS defines the total scope of the work and includes everything required to accomplish the scope of the project

Question 39

If Earned Value is greater than Planned value, the SPI will be greater than 1.0. In terms of the project schedule performance, what does an SPI greater than 1.0 indicate to the project manager?

a. The project is ahead of schedule
b. The project is behind schedule
c. The earned value is too high
d. The schedule needs to be rebaselined

Answer 39

The best answer choice is A. If the Earned Value is greater than the Planned value, it means the project is ahead of schedule. When EV is greater than PV, the result is a number greater than 1.0.

Question 40

Yvonne is managing a small project to prepare a printed parts catalog for her company’s line of electronic surveillance systems, including cameras, control systems, and video monitors. She wants to keep printing costs at a minimum, and several key stakeholders have come to her requesting additional ideas be incorporated, including business reply cards, order forms, shipping label blanks, and so on. She knows this can result in scope creep, and she feels it is necessary to create a scope control form that can be used to manage and control project scope changes. She has determined that she needs three status fields to categorize these requests including approved, rejected, and deferred, so that she can take the appropriate actions on these change requests. Once implemented, what action should Yvonne take on any scope change requests with an approved status?

a. Review and discuss with the project team members
b. Review and dispose using the Integrated Change Control process
c. Review and dispose by sending to the project sponsor
d. Review and dispose using the Monitor and Control Project Work process

Answer 40

The best answer choice is B. Change requests are processed through the Perform Integrated Change Control process

Question 41

Jose is managing a hospital emergency care facility remodel project in which several of the stakeholders have submitted a form to request a change in the project scope. After an extensive review with the project team, Jose has compiled a document describing the impact of the change request on the schedule and budget for the project, and he has presented that information to the change control board for their approval. If the change control board approves the scope change, what should Jose’s next step be in implementing the approved change?

a. Implement the change
b. Revise the baselines
c. Do a lessons learned review
d. Get approval from the sponsor

Answer 41

The best answer choice is B. When a scope change request is approved, the project manager needs to revise the scope baseline as well as any other baselines that may be affected by the change.

Question 42

Scope creep is the uncontrolled expansion to product or project scope without adjustments to time, cost, and resources and requires several steps to help prevent. Of the steps listed, which one occurs first?

a. Communicating changes
b. Getting sign-off on the scope and baselining it
c. Meeting with stakeholders and affirming that you have a common understanding of the scope change
d. Analyze the impact of a requested change

Answer 42

C. Meeting with stakeholders and affirming that you have a shared common understanding of the scope change request is the first thing you would do, after which you would analyze the impact, get sign-off on the scope and baseline it, and then communicate the changes to all the stakeholders.

Question 43

Of the items listed, which of the following is the best example of work performance information?

a. Technical achievements
b. 60% of the work completed
c. Status of defect repairs
d. Actual start date

Answer 43

B. Percentage complete is work performance information. All the other answers are work performance data.

Question 44

Of the causes listed, which is the LEAST common cause of product scope change?

a. Resource changes
b. External events
c. Value-added changes
d. Customer-requested changes

Answer 44

A. Common causes of scope change include external events, errors in defining the product scope, Value-adding changes, implementing a contingency plan or workaround, and the customer seeing the product and wanting changes. Resource changes do not cause product scope changes.

Question 45

According to the PMBOK® Guide definition, scope creep is the uncontrolled expansion to product or project scope without adjustments to time, cost, and resources. Of the causes listed, which is a common cause of scope creep?

a. Implementing a workaround
b. Lack of a change management system
c. Value-added changes
d. Error in defining the scope

Answer 45

B. Lack of a change management system is a common cause of scope creep. The other answers are common causes of scope change.

Question 46

How is project scope measured?

a. Against the product requirements
b. Against the project management plan
c. Against the project charter
d. Against the project statement of work

Answer 46

B. Project scope is measured against the project management plan.

Question 47

Which is an output of the Plan Scope Management process?

a. Project management plan
b. Scope Management plan
c. Project charter
d. Product scope plan

Answer 47

B. The Scope Management plan and the requirements management plan are the two outputs from the Plan Scope Management process.

Question 48

Which of these is NOT an input to plan scope management?

a. Project management plan
b. Project charter
c. WBS
d. Enterprise environmental factors

Answer 48

C. The inputs for plan scope management include the project management plan, project charter, and enterprise environmental factors, but not the WBS

Question 49

A condition or capability that is required to be present in a product, service, or result to satisfy a business need is a

a. Specification
b. Requirement
c. Stakeholder need
d. Metric

Answer 49

B.

Question 50

As part of his project management plan, Jaime states that meetings will be held with the client on a weekly basis; the meetings will take place via conference call; and a summary of the meeting notes will be distributed to the client and the project team. This is an example of a ________ requirement.

a. Quality
b. Solution
c. Project
d. Stakeholder

Answer 50

D. Stakeholder requirements include information regarding communication and reporting requirements.

Question 51

If you want to gather information from a large number of people and have it easily quantified, what is the best tool to use?

a. Prototyping
b. Facilitation
c. Interviewing
d. Surveys and questionnaires

Answer 51

D. Automated surveys can get information from a large number of people and rapidly quantify it.

Question 52

What is the difference between majority decision making and plurality decision making?

a. Majority means everyone agrees with the decision; plurality means more than one-half of the people agree.
b. Majority means everyone agrees with the decision; plurality means one person is making the decisions.
c. Majority means more than one-half of the people agree to a course of action; plurality means a decision is supported by the largest group of people.
d. Majority means the largest group of people supports a decision; plurality means everyone agrees with the decision.

Answer 52

C. Majority means more than one-half of the people agrees to a course of action. However, if a decision is not supported by a clear majority, then the decision can be made when the largest group of people come to a consensus, even if they are not the majority. This is plurality.

Question 53

Which of the following would you NOT expect to see in a simple requirements register ?

a. Stakeholder name or position
b. Vendor location
c. Requirement description and type of requirement
d. Acceptance criteria and urgency

Answer 53

B. A simple requirements register should include at least the stakeholders name and position, a requirement description and type of requirement, and acceptance criteria and urgency

Question 54

Attributes of good requirements include which of the following?

a. Complete and concise requirements
b. Nontestable documentation
c. Varying rules regarding encryption on personal information
d. Goals that are open to interpretation

Answer 54

A. All known requirements should be documented with only one requirement in each statement.

Question 55

Which of these is NOT needed to create a project scope statement?

a. Project charter
b. Requirements documentation
c. Scope management plan
d. WBS

Answer 55

D. The WBS is developed after the scope statement is developed.

Question 56

Which is also known as value engineering?

a. Scope Management plan
b. Project charter
c. Project requirements documentation
d. Product analysis

Answer 56

D. Depending on the type of project, product analysis might also be referred to as system engineering, product breakdown, requirements analysis, or value engineering.

Question 57

What is the WBS?

a. Work breakdown structure
b. Weekly benefit survey
c. Work business scope
d. Wideband budget systems

Answer 57

A. The WBS (work breakdown structure) is a hierarchical decomposition of the total scope of work to be carried out by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create the required deliverables

Question 58

To understand the Validate Scope process, you have to know how deliverables flow through the project. You should also be able to differentiate between validating scope and verifying scope. To accept the deliverables, the customer looks at the scope baseline and the requirements. Which of the following documents does NOT contain detailed information about deliverables?

a. The WBS dictionary
b. The requirements documentation
c. The Requirements Traceability Matrix
d. The integration documents

Answer 58

D. The integration documents do not contain detailed information about deliverables.

Question 59

The requirement states that the software must pull information from three different reports and then average the outcome and show the range and standard deviation. Which inspection technique should you use?

a. Test
b. Examine
c. Inspect
d. Measure

Answer 59

A. Because you can’t see what is happening, you have to infer, based on the result. This is an example of testing.

Question 60

Validate scope refers to the

a. Process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables
b. Assurance that a product, service, or system meets the needs of the project manager
c. Evaluation of a product’s processes
d. Approved process for a scope statement

Answer 60

A. Validate scope refers to the process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables.

Question 61

If you want to prevent scope creep, you should take a number of steps. Of the following steps, which would you do first?

a. Get sign-off on the scope and baseline it.
b. Meet with stakeholders to affirm you have a common understanding of the scope.
c. Enforce the change control system.
d. Communicate changes.

Answer 61

B. Having a common understanding of the project scope upfront is the first step to preventing scope creep

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT an output of the Control Scope process?

a. Management plan updates
b. Change requests
c. Work performance data
d. Project document updates

Answer 62

C. Work performance information, not work performance data, is an input.

Question 63

Which of the following is an example of work performance information?

a. Technical achievements
b. Status of defect repairs
c. 60% complete
d. Actual start date

Answer 63

C. All the other answers are examples of work performance data.