Scoliosis

Question 1

What is the most common form of scoliosis?

Answer 1

Thoracolumbar curve

Question 2

What is the classification of infantile idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 2

0-3 y/o

Question 3

What is the classification of Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Answer 3

4-9 y/o

Question 4

What is the classification of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Answer 4

Greater than 10 y.o

Question 5

If a curve in infantile idiopathic scoliosis is greater than what percentage, should you refer to a specialist?

Answer 5

> 35*

Question 6

What are three characteristics of Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Answer 6

1) Male > Female
2) Predominant curve to left
3) Thoracolumbar

Question 7

In what circumstance should you refer a patient with juvenile idopathic scoliosis?

Answer 7

Cobb angle > 20*

Question 8

What is the most common presentation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 8

Double major: Left lumbar and right thoracic

Question 9

What is an example of a upper motor neuron disease of Neuromuscular Scoliosis?

Answer 9

Cerebral Palsy

Question 10

What is an example of a lower motor neuron disease in neuromuscular scoliosis?

Answer 10

Polio

Question 11

What are two clincal signs to look for with Neurofibromatosis?

Answer 11

Cafe au lait spots and Neurofibromas

Question 12

What is the recommendation of the AAFP and SFT in regards to screening of asymptomatic adolescents?

Answer 12

It is not adivsed

Question 13

What chromosomes are implicated in the development of Scoliosis?

Answer 13

Chromosomes 8, 9, 17 & 19

Question 14

What is Spinal Dysraphism?

Answer 14

Failure of the spine to close properly along the midline; results in congenital scoliosis (up to 20% of cases)

Question 15

What is purpose of the Adams Forward Bend Test in regards to Scoliosis?

Answer 15

It indicates a rotational component

Question 16

What is the Cobb’s Angle?

Answer 16

1) Angle resulting between the lines (perpendicular) to the line inferior and superior vertebra of the curve (going into it); 10* defines Scoliosis

Question 17

What are three possible indications for an orthopaedics referral?

Answer 17

1) Cobb angle > 20*
2) Progression of Cobb Angle, > 5 *
3) Some refer for a baseline evaluation if a Cobb angle is > 10*

Question 18

What is the main goal in the treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Answer 18

Prevent progression to 50* of the curve

Question 19

Are Braces effective for large curve defects?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

What type of brace is used in patient with a 20-40 degrees curve?

Answer 20

Milwaukee brace; use 23 hours a day, also used in growing patients

Question 21

What type of brace is used if the apex of the curve is below T10?

Answer 21

Boston Brace

Question 22

What patient populations with scoliosis require definitive treatment and what are the inclusion criteria?

Answer 22

Adolescents with > 40* curve

Question 23

What is a Charleston Nighttime Brace?

Answer 23

It is a brace that is only worn at night, sidebending the patient into a curve