Scoliosis Flashcards
What is the most common form of scoliosis?
Thoracolumbar curve
What is the classification of infantile idiopathic scoliosis?
0-3 y/o
What is the classification of Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis?
4-9 y/o
What is the classification of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?
Greater than 10 y.o
If a curve in infantile idiopathic scoliosis is greater than what percentage, should you refer to a specialist?
> 35*
What are three characteristics of Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis?
1) Male > Female
2) Predominant curve to left
3) Thoracolumbar
In what circumstance should you refer a patient with juvenile idopathic scoliosis?
Cobb angle > 20*
What is the most common presentation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
Double major: Left lumbar and right thoracic
What is an example of a upper motor neuron disease of Neuromuscular Scoliosis?
Cerebral Palsy
What is an example of a lower motor neuron disease in neuromuscular scoliosis?
Polio
What are two clincal signs to look for with Neurofibromatosis?
Cafe au lait spots and Neurofibromas
What is the recommendation of the AAFP and SFT in regards to screening of asymptomatic adolescents?
It is not adivsed
What chromosomes are implicated in the development of Scoliosis?
Chromosomes 8, 9, 17 & 19
What is Spinal Dysraphism?
Failure of the spine to close properly along the midline; results in congenital scoliosis (up to 20% of cases)
What is purpose of the Adams Forward Bend Test in regards to Scoliosis?
It indicates a rotational component
What is the Cobb’s Angle?
1) Angle resulting between the lines (perpendicular) to the line inferior and superior vertebra of the curve (going into it); 10* defines Scoliosis
What are three possible indications for an orthopaedics referral?
1) Cobb angle > 20*
2) Progression of Cobb Angle, > 5 *
3) Some refer for a baseline evaluation if a Cobb angle is > 10*
What is the main goal in the treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis?
Prevent progression to 50* of the curve
Are Braces effective for large curve defects?
No
What type of brace is used in patient with a 20-40 degrees curve?
Milwaukee brace; use 23 hours a day, also used in growing patients
What type of brace is used if the apex of the curve is below T10?
Boston Brace
What patient populations with scoliosis require definitive treatment and what are the inclusion criteria?
Adolescents with > 40* curve
What is a Charleston Nighttime Brace?
It is a brace that is only worn at night, sidebending the patient into a curve
