Scleroderma Flashcards
What is scleroderma?
Causes hardening of the skin; Relatively rare disease that is poorly understood; the cause is unknown.
What are potential triggers for scleroderma?
- Genetic factors
- Exposure to environmental agents (e.g. silica dust, heavy metals, polyvinyl chloride)
- Certain drugs (e.g. biomycin, cocaine, fenfluramine appetite suppressants)
Which gender is more frequently affected by scleroderma?
Females (2-3:1 ratio compared to males)
What is systemic scleroderma (SSc)?
A progressive, chronic, devastating, and debilitating disease with a poor prognosis.
What are the initial signs of scleroderma?
Signs of classic inflammatory events often visible in the skin and soft tissues.
What is the most recognizable feature of scleroderma?
Skin tightening.
What are the clinical manifestations of scleroderma?
skin thickening, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and potential internal organ damage
What does CREST stand for in relation to scleroderma?
- Calcinosis
- Raynaud phenomenon
- Esophageal dysfunction
- Sclerodactyly (skin tightening)
- Telangiectasia (small, dilated blood vessels (capillaries, venules, or arterioles) that are visible on the skin or mucous membranes)
What is the focus of scleroderma treatment?
Managing symptoms, preventing complications, and improving quality of life.
What types of medications are used in the medical management of scleroderma?
- Immunosuppressants (e.g. corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate)
- Anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. NSAIDs, corticosteroids)
- ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers
- Symptom-specific medications
Why are regular assessments important in scleroderma management?
To identify and address potential complications.
What are key components of nursing management for scleroderma?
- Regular skin assessments
- Use of emollients and moisturizers
- Sun protection education
- Pain management
- Respiratory management
- Gastrointestinal management
What is one nursing intervention for skin care in scleroderma patients?
Regularly inspect the skin for changes like thickening, swelling, or ulcers.
What is the rationale for encouraging skin moisturization in scleroderma patients?
Maintaining skin moisture prevents dryness, cracking, and potential infections.
What lifestyle modifications are encouraged for scleroderma patients?
- Regular exercise
- Avoiding smoking
- Protecting from the cold
What is a complication of Raynaud’s phenomenon?
Worsening of other scleroderma symptoms due to stress and cold.
Fill in the blank: The hallmark of scleroderma is when the skin and subcutaneous tissues become increasingly _______.
hard and rigid
True or False: There is a cure for scleroderma.
False
