Sci.per1,7th grade Flashcards
what is Mitosis?
A four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell.
What is DNA?
A self-replicating material that is in all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
What are Chromosomes?
A thread-like structure into which the DNA molecule is packaged in the nucleus of each cell.
What are Offsprings?
New organisms produced by a living thing.
What are the four phases of Mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
What is Asexual Reproduction?
The formation of new individuals from the cell of a single parent.
What are Asexual Reproduction advantages?
Numerous offspring can be produced without the loss of energy and mating of a parent.
What are Asexual Reproduction disadvantages?
The offspring has no genetic variation, thus making all the offspring identical to one another.
What’s is the importance of reproducing?
For the sake of the species to keep living.
What is Sexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving the fusion of female and male gamete which forms a zygote that potentially develops into a genetically distinct offspring.
What is cancer?
A group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells.
What are the preventable causes of cancer?
Tabacco, nutrition, UV radiation, infectious exposure
What are the characteristics of normal cell growth?
Regulated, predetermined to differentiate into specific cell types, controlled cell death and proliferation, contact inhibition, cell surface adherence, inability to wander.
What are the characteristics of cancer cell growth?
Defect in differentiation, secrete enzymes to dissolve binding protein(no cell surface adherence), uncontrolled proliferation, doubling time, loss of cell borders, ability to form new blood vessels, ability to free from tissue or tumor of origin, escape immune surveillance, lack of programmed cell death.
What are Mutations?
Permanent change in DNA nucleotide sequence, arise spontaneously or from a mutagen.
Who is responsible for our laws of inheritance?
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
What organism did Mendel study?
Pea Plants
What did Mendel notice about offspring traits?
They retained traits of the parents.
How is Mendel referred to today?
Father Of Genetics
What is a trait?
Characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
What is a Punnet Square?
What is used to solve genetic crosses?
What is a genotype and write 3 possible genotypes?
Gene combination for a trait
(R,R) (R,r) (r,r) = Genotypes
Red Red Yellow= Phenotypes
Name the male and female parts of a flowering plant and explain how pollination occurs.
Male: Stamen
Female: Ovary
Pollen carries sperm to the eggs for fertilized pollination
What results from this cross——–> TT x tt?
Hybrid, Tt
