science 4 Periodic Flash Cards

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1
Q

Periodic Table

A

An arrangement of elements in columns based on a set of properties that repeat from row to row.

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2
Q

Mendeleev

A

A chemist who developed the periodic table and organized elements by their properties while leaving empty spaces for more elements to be discovered.

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3
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that cannot be broken down.

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4
Q

Period

A

A row going across on the Periodic Table.

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5
Q

Group

A

A column going up and down on the Periodic Table.

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6
Q

Periodic Law

A

The pattern of repeating properties down each group in the periodic table.

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7
Q

Chemical Element Symbol

A

A one or two letter symbol that represents that name of an element
first letter is capital and potential second letter is lowercase.

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8
Q

Atomic Number

A

number of protons in an element,
atomic is also equal to the number of electrons.

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9
Q

Atomic Mass

A

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus center of an element.

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10
Q

Conductor

A

A material that allows things to flow

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11
Q

Metal

A

elements that are good conductors of heat and electric current

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12
Q

Nonmetal

A

elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current

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13
Q

Metalloid

A

elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals

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14
Q

Noble Gas

A

Elements in group 18, stable and unreactive

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15
Q

proton

A

A particle with a positive charge, same amount as atomic number, this particle identifies the element

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16
Q

Electron

A

A particle with a neutral charge, same amount as (atomic mass - atomic number)

17
Q

Valence Electron

A

Electrons on the outermost shell

18
Q

Orbital / Shell / Energy Level

A

Outer boundary of an atom, mostly empty space, each shell starting from the first shell can hold:
1st shell - 2 electrons
2nd shell - 8 electrons
3rd shell - 18 electrons
4th shell - 32 electrons

19
Q

Nucleus (in an atom

A

the center of an atom that contains neutrons and protons and therefore most of the mass

20
Q

Chemical Bond

A

a force of attraction between atoms to make them more stable

21
Q

Ion

A

when atoms transfer electrons and become charged particles

22
Q

Ionic Bond

A

the force of attraction that holds together positive and negative ions, a transfer of electrons

23
Q

Covalent Bond

A

A force of attraction that holds together two atoms and shares electrons

24
Q

Chemical Formula

A

shows the elements involved in that molecule and the number of atoms of each element

25
Q

}]Chemical Equation

A

Shows the molecules involved in a reaction
reactants show the ingredients and the products show the results