Scince Vocab. Chp. 2 Flashcards
Autotroph
An organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food.
Heterotroph
An organism that can not make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things.
Chlorophyll
A green photosynthesis pigment fount in the chloroplast of plants, algae and some bacteria.
Cellular respiration
The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions in side cells, releasing energy.
Fermentation
The process by which cells release energy by breaking down food molecules without using oxygen.
Cell cycle
The series of events in which cell grows, prepare for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
Interphase
The first stage of the cell cycle that takes place before cell division occurs, during which a cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA.
Replication
The process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus before cell division.
Chromosome
A threadlike structure within a cell’s nuclear secrets that contains DNA that is passed from one generation to the next.
Mitosis
The second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell.
Cytokinesis
The final stage of the cell’s cycle, in which the cell’s cytoplasm divides, disturbing the organelles into each of the two new daughter cells.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants and other autotrophs capture and use light energy to make food from carbon dioxide and water.
