Scientific Processes Flashcards
What are pilot studies and why are they carried out
Small scale study’s before large scale to see if it works and identify any problems so don’t wast time and money
What are the problems that have to be over come with ethics
Deception
Lack of imformed consent
Lack of protection of participants
What are the three ways of getting consent
Presumed prior general consent retrospective consent
How can psychological investigations benefit the economy
Research memory for eye witness testimony better use of police time and money
What is a cofounding variable
An extraneous variable that correlates with both the IV and DV
What is an operafionised variable
Direct variable and provides a clear objective
What are the 3 types of experimental design
Independent groups
Repeated measures
Matched pairs
What are independent groups explain pros and cons
2 Sep groups each in one condition
+ avoids order effect
- more people needed
- individual difference affect
What is repeated measures and what are the pros and cons
Same participants in both conditions
+ fewer people needed
- order effects can use ABBA split one do one first one do other first
What is matched pairs and what are the pros and cons
+ no order effects
- time consuming
- impossible to perfectly match people
Participants matched in terms of age etc
What would a good sample consist of
Represent the target population
Represent characteristics
What are the 4 types of sampling and explain them
Random- everyone has equal chance
Stratified - divided into sub catorgies
Volunteer- volunteers
Oppotunty- just using who is there
What is peer review and what is its role
Looked at by people who know about revels at field
To maintain standards or quality and improve performance and improve credibility
What is the difference between a one tailed and a two tailed hypothesis and null
Null is no relationship
One tailed - causes -
Two tailed - there will b a difference
