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Scientific Foundations Flashcards

1
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Contains calcium ions

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2
Q

T-tubules

A

Terminate near z line, deliver signal from motor neuron

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3
Q

A band
I band
Z line
H zone

A

Alignment of myosin
Contains actin
Splits i band
Center containing myosin

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4
Q

Sliding filament stages

A 
Resting
Excitation contraction coupling
Contraction
Recharge
Relaxation
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5
Q

Extrafusal vs intrafusal

A

Normal fibers vs muscle spindles

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6
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

Tricuspid and mitral, seperate ventricles and atria

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7
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Aortic and pulmonary

Seperate aorta and pulmonary arteries from ventricles

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8
Q

P wave

Qrs

T wave

A

Depolarization of atria

Depolarization of vents and atrial repol

Vent repol

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9
Q

Work

A

Force x displacement

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10
Q

Power

A

Work/time

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11
Q

Rotational work

A

Torque x angular displacement

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12
Q

Rotational power

A

Rotational work/time

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13
Q

Classic formula

A

Load lifted/bodyweight^2/3

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14
Q

Lactate threshold vs OBLA

A

1st point in lactate rise
Equal to ventillatory threshold

2nd point
4mmol/L

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15
Q

Fast glycolysis

A

Lactate oxidized in cori cycle

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16
Q

Slow glycolysis

A

Pyruvate to mitochondria becomes acetyl coA and enters krebs cycle

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17
Q

Combination training

A

Combining aerobic and anaerobic

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18
Q

Gas

A

General adaptation syndrome

Begins with alarm reaction

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19
Q

Anabolic hormones

A

Insuling igf test and gh

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20
Q

Permissive hormones

A

Thyroid

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21
Q

Catabolic hormones

A

Cortisol and progesterone

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22
Q

Allosteric binding

A

Block of receptors primary binding site

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23
Q

Steroid hormones

A

From adrenal cortex and gonads
Fat soluble can diffuse membrane
Cortisol, test, estradiol

24
Q

Polypeptide hormones

A

Gh and insulin
Use secondary messangers
Regulated via neg feedback

25
Amine hormones
From aa tyrosine and tryptophan Tyrosine-epi, norepi, dopa Tryptophan-serotonin Use secondary messengers
26
Where is insulin like growth factor produced
Liver
27
Where is cortisol from
Adrenal cortex
28
Systematic desensitization
Countrr conditiong to remove fear
29
When to enhance vs reduce arousal
Reduce for compex skills enhance for simple skills
30
Optimal carbs during prolonged endurance exc
50g glucose fructose mix per hour
31
Protein amount for increase in lbm
1.5-2g per kg/bw
32
Proper usg to ensure adequate hydration
Less than 1.020
33
Size principle
Motor units are recruited in selective order based on recruitment threshold and firing rate
34
Max tidal volume increase with aerobic exc
3.0L
35
Rate pressure product
Hr x systolic bp
36
Percent water loss to begin performance decrease
2-3% weight lost in water
37
How long to loss strength adaptations
4 weeks
38
Timeframe for bone remodeling and bmd increase
6+ months
39
Frank startling mechanism
Stretched heart from diastole volume increases systol pressure
40
What does l carnitine help with
Pain muscle damage and metabolic stress
41
Most appropriate age category assessment for youth athletes
Biological age
42
Substance that enhances high intensity exercise from 60sec to 6 mins
Sodium bicarbonate
43
Which phase of ssc stores potential energy
Eccentric
44
Vo2 max decrease of highly trained indv during detraining
6-20%
45
Best predictor of aerobic performance
Max lactic steady state
46
The point in adolescence where peak strength gains appear
1.2 years post peak height velocity
47
Primary variable in determining sprint speed
Rate of force dev
48
Most useful goals for specific practice session
Process goals
49
What effect does overtraining have within muscle tissue
Decreased glycogen storage
50
What causes amenorrhea
Insufficient luteinizing hormone
51
At what age does peak height velocity typically occur
Ages 12 to 14
52
What substance mostly helps enhance recovery in untrained athletes
Hmb
53
Most accurate method of measuring intensity
Blood lactate concentration
54
What sport benefits from the use of beta blockers
Biathlon
55
Do dietary supplements have to meet FDA standards for safety and effectiveness
No

Cscs Extra (3 decks)

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