Science Yearly exam- YR 7 Flashcards
what is a renewable resource?
renewable resources are any natural resources that can replenish itself naturally over time, such as wood or solar energy.
what are non renewable resources?
a non renewable resource is a recourse that cannot be replenished or recycled to maintain its rate of consumption.
what is a renewable resource example?
-The sun is a renewable resource because the sun naturally regenerates at a faster rate than humans can harvest/ consume.
-The wind is constantly being replenished, like the sun, and is not depleted when used. nature naturally restores this source faster than humans can consume.
how is coal a non renewable resource?
coal takes millions of years to form, much slower than the rate humans consume. Once this resource is used up, it cannot be replaced, it is gone forever.
how is fossil fuels a non renewable resource?
fossil fuels such as oil cannot be replenished quick enough to match the human consumption. The reason for this is that they take billions of years to form naturally from the remains of ancient plants and animals. The supply is limited and will eventually run out.
is a non renewable resource a finite source?
Yes, a non renewable resource is a finite recourse.
The main features of non renewable resources such as fossil fuels
- they are extracted directly from the earth
- it is a source that is being used up more quickly than it can replace itself.
- they take longer than a human lifetime to replenish
- they are usually valuable and have. financial/ economic value. They would be used at a large scale as they are important to survive or they are an energy source.
- cheap to extract
cannot be replenished/regrow
what is a natural resource?
natural recourse are obtained from he earth and are materials or substances occurring in nature.
what is a made resource?
made resources are man made to satisfy our needs and demands. These originally come from natural resources.
what natural and made resources are extracted from the biosphere and their uses.
-living things such as trees, animals and microorganisms
-the biosphere provides soil, water and sunlight as well as crops, fruit and vegetables which can all be used for food production and agriculture.
- plants, fungi, bacteria and microorganisms provide materials for medicines.
- trees are a part of the biosphere and is used for multiple things such as construction, furniture, paper and various others
- animals and living organisms are used for farming, animal breeding, pets, science, zoos, food and clothing.
what natural and made resources are extracted from the atmosphere and their uses.
- wind energy is harnessed from the atmosphere and is used to breath, clouds, precipitation and a source of energy.
- water vapour which is a good source of warmth, cooking, condenses into clouds, critical part in the earths water cycle, medical applications such as respiratory theory, agriculture and weather forecasting.
what natural and made resources are extracted from the lithosphere and their uses.
- fossil fuels such as coal, oil are used to produce energy, burned to produce heat, for large power stations, it is used to create electricity and power engines. It fuels our cars and other transportation devices.
- minerals such as iron and copper are extracted from the earths crust along with gold which is used for manufacturing, energy production and construction.
what natural and made resources are extracted from the hydrosphere and their uses.
- water resources like lakes, rivers and groundwater and are essential for drinking, agriculture, industrial processes, recreational purposes and hydroelectric power.
- fish and crustaceans are from the biosphere but are extracted from the hydrosphere (their habitat). They are used for human consumption and fishing.
- salt is extracted from the hydrosphere through the process of evaporation. it is used for seasoning food and preserving food.
- energy can be extracted from the hydrosphere by using tidal and wave energy to convert the kinetic energy of water into electricity.
parts of the environment through which water cycles.
-Liquid water flows across the land (runoff), into the ground (infiltration and percolation), and through the ground (groundwater). Groundwater moves into plants (plant uptake) and evaporates from plants into the atmosphere (transpiration). Solid ice and snow can turn directly into gas (sublimation).
-The water cycles through all of the spheres of the earth, biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere.
the uses of water
After the water cycle the water is transported to our homes for drinking, cooking, bathing, or to Industries for the process of creating items such as paper food and the largest use for water; agriculture.
what does unicellular and multicelular mean?
unicellular- one cell
multicellular- made of many cells
what are the parts of an animal cell
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus
what are the parts of a plant cell
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus
cell wall
vacule
chloroplast
what are all of the cell parts used for?
Cell wall- provides the cell with support and protection. It helps the cell to keep its shape.
Cell membrane- controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Chloroplast- manufactures food for the plant using a green chemical called chlorophyll.
Nucleus- controls all the functions of the cell. often called the “control centre” of the cell.
Cytoplasm- the liquid contents of the cell in which the nucleus is suspended. Most of the important activities of the cell occur here.
whats a endotherm and ectotherm?
Endotherms use internally generated heat to maintain body temperature. their body temperature tends to stay steady regardless of Environment.
Ectotherms depend mainly on external heat sources, and Their body temperature changes with the temperature of the environment.
what are the 5 kingdoms of classification?
animals (all multicellular animals)
plants (all green plants)
fungi (moulds, mushrooms, yeast)
protists (amoeba and plasmodium)
monerea (bacteria, blue-green algae)
what are the 5 groups of vertabrates?
fish, reptiles, birds, amphibians, mammals
what are the features of fish
- ectothermic, meaning their body temperature is regulated by the environment/cold blooded.
- scales for protection and reducing water resistance
- they respire through gills, extracting oxygen from water
- lay eggs or live birth in water
what are the features of reptiles
-ectothermic and have scales made of keratin (leathery) which provides protection and water loss.
-lay amniotic eggs with a protective shell, allowing them to reproduce on land.
- breathe through their lungs
