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Science consolidation > Science year 8 > Flashcards

Science year 8 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the definition of absorb

A

Diffusion of particles into the body

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2
Q

What is the definition of amylase

A

Enzyme found in saliva that breaks down carbohydrate

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3
Q

What are amino acids

A

Product of digestion of protein

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4
Q

What is bile

A

Alkaline brownish yellow fluid that is secreted by the liver, stored in the gald bladder. It is used to emulsify fats

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5
Q

carbohydrase

A

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrate into glucose

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6
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Nutrients needed in a balanced diet e.g bread

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7
Q

Denature

A

Process where the shape of the enzyme is changed and no longer works

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8
Q

What is digestion

A

The process where food is converted into smaller substances that can be absorbed by the body

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9
Q

Emulsify

A

Break a large droplet into loads of smaller ones (usually fats and oils)

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10
Q

Enzyme

A

Substance in the body that chemically breaks up food into smaller substances. Each type of nutrient needs a specific enzyme

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11
Q

Fatty acids

A

Product of digestion of lipids

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12
Q

Fibre

A

Nutrient needed in a balanced diet

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13
Q

Glucose

A

Sugar

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14
Q

Glycerol

A

Product of digestion of lipids

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15
Q

Gut

A

The entire length of tubing between the mouth and the anus

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16
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Acid found in the stomach to kill bacteria

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17
Q

Large intestine

A

Part of the digestive system that absorbs water

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18
Q

Lipase

A

Enzyme that breaks down fat

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19
Q

Iodine test

A

Test for starch

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20
Q

Lipids

A

Fats

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21
Q

Liver

A

Part of the digestive system that removes toxins and produces bile

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22
Q

microvilli

A

Tiny spikes in the vili to provide a larger surface area for absorbing nutrients

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23
Q

Oesophagus

A

Tube from mouth to stomach

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24
Q

Pancreas

A

Part of the digestive system that produces most enzymes

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25
Q

Peristalsis

A

A wavelike contraction of muscle to help move food down the oesophagus

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26
Q

Protease

A

An enzyme that breaks down protein

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27
Q

Proteins

A

Nutrient needed in a balanced diet E.G meat

28
Q

Saliva

A

Fluid produced by mouth. Contains amylase to start chemical digestion

29
Q

Small intestine

A

Part of the digestive system that absorbs broken down nutrients

30
Q

Starch

A

Type of carbohydrate

31
Q

Stomach

A

Part of the digestive system that churns up food

32
Q

Villi

A

Tiny spikes on the small intestine to provide a larger surface area for absorbing nutrients

33
Q

Name some foods with Carbohydrates

A

Bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks, corn and cherry pie

34
Q

Fatty foods

A

Meat products, butter, cheese, cream and biscuits

35
Q

What do we need in a balanced diet

A

Fruits, vegetables, pulses, beans, dairy products, rice and chappati

36
Q

Where is villi found

A

Inside the small intestine

37
Q

Describe the villi

A

They have very thin walls so that nutrients so that nutrients from digestive food can diffuse

38
Q

Absorb

A

Taken into a material

39
Q

Angle of incidence

A

The angle between the incident ray and the normal line

40
Q

Angle of reflection

A

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal line

41
Q

Brain

A

The organ in the human body that processes signals from receptors

42
Q

Cornea

A

The transparent layer at the front of the eye

43
Q

Dispersion

A

The splitting up a ray of light of mixed wavelength by refraction into its components

44
Q

Emit

A

To give out

45
Q

Eye

A

Organ of sight, which focuses and detects

46
Q

Filter

A

A piece of material that allows some radiation (color) through but absorbs the rest

47
Q

Frequency

A

The number of complete waves or vibration complete waves or vibrations produced in one second

48
Q

Lens

A

A device made from shaped glass that focuses light rays from objects to form an image

49
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Specialized cells that are sensitive to light

50
Q

Luminous

A

Gives out light

51
Q

Non luminous

A

Objects that no longer give light

52
Q

Optic nerve

A

A paired sensory nerve that runs from each eye to the brain

53
Q

Normal

A

An imaginary line at right angles to a surface where a light ray strikes it.

54
Q

Plane

A

A mirror with a flat reflective surface

55
Q

Primary colors

A

Red, blue and green

56
Q

Prism

A

A triangular shaped piece of glass

57
Q

Pupil

A

The whole in the front of your eye where the light goes in

58
Q

Reflect

A

Bounce off

59
Q

Reflected ray

A

The ray that is reflected from the surface

60
Q

Refraction

A

The change in direction of a ray or wave as a result in its change of speed

61
Q

Retina

A

The layer of light sensitive cells at the back of the eye

62
Q

Secondary color

A

Colors that can be made by mixing the primary colors

63
Q

Spectrum

A

A band of colors produced when light is spread out by a prism

64
Q

Translucent

A

Objects that transmit light but diffusing the light as it passes through

65
Q

Transmit

A

When light or other radiation passes through an object

66
Q

Transparent

A

Objects that transmit light and you can see through them

67
Q

Vacuum

A

A space where there is no matter

Science consolidation (5 decks)

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