Science year 8 Flashcards
What is the definition of absorb
Diffusion of particles into the body
What is the definition of amylase
Enzyme found in saliva that breaks down carbohydrate
What are amino acids
Product of digestion of protein
What is bile
Alkaline brownish yellow fluid that is secreted by the liver, stored in the gald bladder. It is used to emulsify fats
carbohydrase
Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrate into glucose
Carbohydrates
Nutrients needed in a balanced diet e.g bread
Denature
Process where the shape of the enzyme is changed and no longer works
What is digestion
The process where food is converted into smaller substances that can be absorbed by the body
Emulsify
Break a large droplet into loads of smaller ones (usually fats and oils)
Enzyme
Substance in the body that chemically breaks up food into smaller substances. Each type of nutrient needs a specific enzyme
Fatty acids
Product of digestion of lipids
Fibre
Nutrient needed in a balanced diet
Glucose
Sugar
Glycerol
Product of digestion of lipids
Gut
The entire length of tubing between the mouth and the anus
Hydrochloric acid
Acid found in the stomach to kill bacteria
Large intestine
Part of the digestive system that absorbs water
Lipase
Enzyme that breaks down fat
Iodine test
Test for starch
Lipids
Fats
Liver
Part of the digestive system that removes toxins and produces bile
microvilli
Tiny spikes in the vili to provide a larger surface area for absorbing nutrients
Oesophagus
Tube from mouth to stomach
Pancreas
Part of the digestive system that produces most enzymes
Peristalsis
A wavelike contraction of muscle to help move food down the oesophagus
Protease
An enzyme that breaks down protein
Proteins
Nutrient needed in a balanced diet E.G meat
Saliva
Fluid produced by mouth. Contains amylase to start chemical digestion
Small intestine
Part of the digestive system that absorbs broken down nutrients
Starch
Type of carbohydrate
Stomach
Part of the digestive system that churns up food
Villi
Tiny spikes on the small intestine to provide a larger surface area for absorbing nutrients
Name some foods with Carbohydrates
Bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks, corn and cherry pie
Fatty foods
Meat products, butter, cheese, cream and biscuits
What do we need in a balanced diet
Fruits, vegetables, pulses, beans, dairy products, rice and chappati
Where is villi found
Inside the small intestine
Describe the villi
They have very thin walls so that nutrients so that nutrients from digestive food can diffuse
Absorb
Taken into a material
Angle of incidence
The angle between the incident ray and the normal line
Angle of reflection
The angle between the reflected ray and the normal line
Brain
The organ in the human body that processes signals from receptors
Cornea
The transparent layer at the front of the eye
Dispersion
The splitting up a ray of light of mixed wavelength by refraction into its components
Emit
To give out
Eye
Organ of sight, which focuses and detects
Filter
A piece of material that allows some radiation (color) through but absorbs the rest
Frequency
The number of complete waves or vibration complete waves or vibrations produced in one second
Lens
A device made from shaped glass that focuses light rays from objects to form an image
Photoreceptors
Specialized cells that are sensitive to light
Luminous
Gives out light
Non luminous
Objects that no longer give light
Optic nerve
A paired sensory nerve that runs from each eye to the brain
Normal
An imaginary line at right angles to a surface where a light ray strikes it.
Plane
A mirror with a flat reflective surface
Primary colors
Red, blue and green
Prism
A triangular shaped piece of glass
Pupil
The whole in the front of your eye where the light goes in
Reflect
Bounce off
Reflected ray
The ray that is reflected from the surface
Refraction
The change in direction of a ray or wave as a result in its change of speed
Retina
The layer of light sensitive cells at the back of the eye
Secondary color
Colors that can be made by mixing the primary colors
Spectrum
A band of colors produced when light is spread out by a prism
Translucent
Objects that transmit light but diffusing the light as it passes through
Transmit
When light or other radiation passes through an object
Transparent
Objects that transmit light and you can see through them
Vacuum
A space where there is no matter
