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Science Vocab > Science Vocabulary Test (Anatomy) > Flashcards

Science Vocabulary Test (Anatomy) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the form/structure of all living things

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the function of all living things

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3
Q

Anatomical position

A

Normal standing position, reference point, facing forward, palms out, & feet slightly apart

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4
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides your body into right and left portions

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5
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides your body into front & back portions

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6
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into top and bottom portions

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7
Q

Quadrants

A

Dividers for the human abdomen: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

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8
Q

Posterior/Dorsal body cavity

A

Includes cranial and spinal cavities, and are located on the back side of our body

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9
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Holds the brain

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10
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Surrounds the spinal cord

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11
Q

Anterior/Ventral body cavity

A

Includes all cavities located on the front side of the body

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12
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Houses heart and lungs, among other organs

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13
Q

Abdominopelvic

A

Includes Abdominal and pelvic cavities

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14
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Stomach, digestive tract, liver

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15
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Reproductive and excretory organs

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16
Q

Oral cavity

A

Located within mouth

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17
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Located within nose

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18
Q

Orbital cavities

A

Hold the eyes

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19
Q

Middle ear cavities

A

In the skull, chambers for transmitting and amplifying sound

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20
Q

Metric system

A

Measuring system used all over the world for scientific and medical purposes, and everywhere except US for recreational purposes

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21
Q

Conversion factor

A

A # that can be used to multiply the units of one measurement system into units of another system

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22
Q

Atoms

A

Tiny particles

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23
Q

Molecules

A

Tiny atoms that combined

24
Q

Cells

A

Groups of various types of molecules

25
Q

Tissues

A

Cell groups with similar functions

26
Q

Organ

A

Organized for a specific function and must include at least 2 different types of tissue

27
Q

Organ system

A

Includes 2 or more organs that work together

28
Q

Homeostasis

A

Regulated physiological balance, aka regular balance in your body from outside conditions

29
Q

Homeostatic mechanisms

A

The processes that maintain homeostasis

30
Q

Receptor

A

Transmitter that sends external changes to control center

31
Q

Control center

A

Gets info from receptors then tells the effector how to maintain homeostasis

32
Q

Effector

A

Receiver that tells the body to maintain homeostasis

33
Q

Negative feedback

A

Mechanism that reverses a condition that passed normal homeostatic range to restore homeostasis

34
Q

Positive feedback

A

Mechanism that further increases a condition that passes normal homeostatic range

35
Q

Homeostatic imbalance

A

Lesser ability to keep internal environment normal

36
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical reactions that occur within a living thing to maintain life

37
Q

Metabolic rate

A

Speed at which body consumes energy

38
Q

Anabolism

A

Simple molecules make complex ones

39
Q

Catabolism

A

Complex molecules being broken down into simple ones

40
Q

Force

A

Push or pull on a structure

41
Q

Net force

A

Single force resulting from sum of all forces acting at a given time

42
Q

Mass

A

Quantity of matter an object has

43
Q

Weight

A

Force equal to the gravitational acceleration exerted on the mass of an object

44
Q

Pressure

A

The amount of force distributed over a given area

45
Q

Torque

A

A force that causes a structure to rotate

46
Q

Compression

A

Squeezing force

47
Q

Tension

A

Pulling/stretching force

48
Q

Shear

A

Perpendicular/one-way rubbing force (causes one part to move while other stays)

49
Q

Stress

A

The object’s experience from the force

50
Q

Bending

A

Force acted on and off-center spot along the length of an object

51
Q

Torsion

A

A force that causes an object to twist about it’s length

52
Q

Combined loading

A

The simultaneous act of 2 or more forces

53
Q

Acceleration

A

How fast an object’s speed is changed

54
Q

Deformation

A

Change in shape

55
Q

Elastic

A

A response that happens when a structure returns to it’s original size and shape

56
Q

Plastic

A

Permanent change in an object’s shape that occurs when deformation breaks elastic limit

Science Vocab (3 decks)

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