science vocab 2

Question 1

The passage of food energy from producers up to herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores.

Answer 1

Food chain

Question 2

Many interlocking and interdependent food chains.

Answer 2

Food web

Question 3

A graphical model of energy flow in a community.

Answer 3

Energy pyramid

Question 4

An organism that can produce organic (food) substances from inorganic ones.

Answer 4

producers

Question 5

A heterotrophic organism (must obtain food energy by eating other organisms).

Answer 5

consumers

Question 6

An animal that feeds on dead animals or dead organic matter.

Answer 6

scavenger

Question 7

Organisms, primarily bacteria, that break down dead organic matter into simpler substances.

Answer 7

decomposer

Question 8

An organism that lives in or on another organism, harming it in the

Answer 8

parasite

Question 9

An organism in which or on which another lives.

Answer 9

host

Question 10

An association in which two dissimilar organisms live closely together.

Answer 10

symbiosis

Question 11

A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit.

Answer 11

mutualism

Question 12

A symbiotic relationship in which one partner benefits and the other partner is harmed. adaptation Structural or functional changes that an organism possesses that aids in its survival.

Answer 12

parasitism

Question 13

Microscopic algae with a two-part siliceous cell wall; Important members of the phytoplankton. herbivore A consumer that eats plants.

Answer 13

diatom

Question 14

A meat eating consumer.

Answer 14

carnivore

Question 15

A consumer that eats both plants and other consumers.

Answer 15

omnivore

Question 16

Not originating from an organism.

Answer 16

inorganic

Question 17

Classification by common evolutionary descent and similar characteristics.

Answer 17

Phylogenetic classification

Question 18

The bottom of the sea or the organisms living there.

Answer 18

benthos

Question 19

Strong-swimming animals that can control their speed and direction.

Answer 19

nekton

Question 20

Aquatic organisms that float at the mercy of currents or have limited swimming ability

Answer 20

plankton

Question 21

Animal plankton.

Answer 21

zooplankton

Question 22

Plant-like flagellated (tailed) protozoans.

Answer 22

dinoflagellates

Question 23

An animal which feeds on dead organic material.

Answer 23

detritivores

Question 24

Any step in a nutritive series, or food chain, of an ecosystem.

Answer 24

Trophic level

Question 25

Process by which producers obtain food energy from inorganic matter.

Answer 25

photosynthesis

Question 26

An organism that serves as a primary decomposer.

Answer 26

bacteria

Question 27

Water currents that carry broken down nutrients to the surface where they can be reused by diatoms and other marine plants.

Answer 27

upwelling

Question 28

The largest and most general phylogenetic subdivision.

Answer 28

kingdom

Question 29

A single-celled creature and probably one of the first animals.

Answer 29

protozoan

Question 30

An adaptation of plankton that help to distribute the organism's weight over a large surface area. oil Produced by diatoms to help them float.

Answer 30

spikes

Question 31

A glass-like substance contained in the cell wall of diatoms.

Answer 31

silica

Question 31

Dinoflagellates like Gonyaulax and Gymnodinium may be responsible for this toxic event.

Answer 31

Red tide

Question 32

Species of zooplankton that spend their entire lives in a floating state. meroplankton "Temporary" plankton.

Answer 32

holoplankton

Question 33

"Temporary" plankton.

Answer 33

meroplankton

Question 34

Current-floating plankton that includes large jellyfishes and their relatives.

Answer 34

megaplankton

Question 35

Plant-like organisms that live on the ocean bottom or on rocks, shells, seaweeds, pilings, etc.

Answer 35

epiflora

Question 36

Animal-like organisms that live on the ocean bottom or on rocks, shells, seaweeds, pilings, etc. infauna Animals that live buried in the bottom, such as clams and worms.

Answer 36

epifauna