Science Unit 4 Quiz Flashcards
List the pathway blood goes starting from the Pulmonary Artery. (Aorta, Pulmonary Veins, Pulmonary Arteries, Left Ventricle, vena cavas, arteries, veins, right atrium, lungs, arteriole, capillaries, arteries, left atrium, right ventricle)
Lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cavas, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries.
Are there valves in the arteries?
No
Are there valves in veins?
Yes
Are there valves in capillaries?
No
Substances diffuse across the vessel walls in the…
capillaries
What is the trachea?
A windpipe which air moves though (in the neck)
What is the larynx?
in the throat and contains the vocal cords
What is the bronchi and bronchioles?
a passageway from Trachea to lungs / smaller bronchi that reach to the alveoli
What is the diaphragm?
a flat muscle that pumps the air
What is the importance of the cilia and mucus?
keep the lungs clean by filtering and moistening the air
How do the circulatory system and respiratory system work together?
Respiratory system brings the oxygen to the lungs where it’s transferred to the blood for the circulatory system to transport them to the body parts.
main purpose of respiratory system?
exchange oxygen and CO2 between the blood, air, and tissues
mention: tendon - muscles to bones (movement)
mention: ligament - bone to bone (structural)
Digestive system list: (small intestine, stomach, mouth, esophagus, large intestine)
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.
Mouth? Mechanical? Chemical?
Mechanical: Chewing
Chemical: Saliva to moisten food into bolus (ball)
Esophagus?
moves bolus to stomach and passes the cardiac sphincter
Stomach?
lined with mucus, food is charned for hours with chyme, very acidic (pepsin: break them proteins out)
Pancreas?
makes sodium bicarbonate to neatualize the stomach acids, uses amylase carb. breakdown, trypsin proteins, and lipase for fats (food doesn’t enter the pancreas, it just helps with the digestion in the small intestine)
Liver?
produces bile to break down fats and uses the gallbladder to store the bile (food doesn’t enter the liver, it just helps with the digestion in the small intestine) (fun fact: a person could live without the gallbladder)
Duodenum?
first part of small intestine, continues with breakdown with enzymes and secretions entering from the liver and pancreas
Small Intestine?
Most nutrient absorption and chemical digestion (Microvilli – small projections that increase the surface area)
Large Intestine?
tons of bacteria, most water and mineral absorption, solids stored in rectum
Skeletal System purpose?
Support the body, creates blood in the marrow, stores minerals, aids in movement (206 bones for an adult)
Blood Tissue:
network of living cells, protein fibers, and calcium deposits throughout the body
Joints?
where two bones meet and can be moveable
Alveoli?
a tiny air sac at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
