Bio Test Unit 3 Flashcards
What substance(s) moves in Osmosis?
Water Molecules
What substance(s) moves in Diffusion?
Any small, simple molecules
What substance(s) moves in Active Transport?
Small molecules or ions
What substance(s) moves in Facilitated Diffusion?
Large or Polar Molecules
What is the movement in Osmosis?
Low to High
What is the movement in Diffusion?
High to Low
What is the movement in Active Transport?
Low To High
What is the movement in Facilitated Diffusion?
High to Low
What does the substance travel through in Osmosis and Diffusion?
The Cell Membrane
What does the substance travel through during Facilitated Diffusion?
Protein Channels
What does the substance travel through during Active Transport?
Protein Pumps (Maybe Protein Channels)
What do the Mitochondria do?
Produces ATP (through Cellular Respiration)
What does the nucleus do?
Protects DNA and controls cell processes
What is the purpose of the Cell Membrane?
It controls what goes in and out of the cell
What does the Chloroplast do?
Converts light energy into sugar (photosynthesis)
All cells have…
DNA, the ability to make proteins, a double membrane, cytoplasm, organized interior, ability to use energy, maintain homeostasis, ability to reproduce
Unlike a eukaryote, a prokaryote lacks (a)…
Nucleus, membrane-bound organelles
What is the purpose of the Golgi Apparatus?
Modifies and packages proteins for
transport or export from the cell
A phospholipid contains…
a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
What do the lysosomes do?
Breaks down food, old organelles, and other cellular waste
Which is true of the Endosymbiont Theory?
The first eukaryotes likely started when a larger prokaryote engulfed smaller ones.
This component allows specific ions to pass through the cell membrane.
channel proteins
The cell membrane is:
a phospholipid bilayer consisting of hydrophilic heads on the surface and hydrophobic tails in the middle
semi-permeable
A concentration is:
the amount of solute molecules in a solution
These are all forms of passive transport:
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
Active transport requires…
protein channels
moving from a high to low concentration
ATP
Hydrophilic means something is repelled by water.
False
What does the ribosome do?
Make proteins
These are the reactants of cellular respiration:
oxygen
sugar (glucose)
These are the products of cellular respiration:
carbon dioxide
ATP
water
Order the steps of aerobic cellular respiration:
- Glycolysis
- Krebs Cycle
- Electron Transport Chain
