Science Unit 1 Chapter 4 - 6th

Question 1

The earth’s surface is broken into large rigid pieces that move with respect to each other. This is called

Answer 1

plate tectonics

Question 2

What does the plate tectonic theory explain?

Answer 2

How the motion of plates on earth’s surface create land forms such as mountians.

Question 3

The crust and uppermost part of the mantle. it forms a rigid shell on the outside of Earth which is broken down into large pieces. This is called

Answer 3

lithosphere

Question 4

The rocks are strong and do not bend easily in what sphere?

Answer 4

lithosphere

Question 5

This is partially melted portion of hte mantle below the lithosphere.

Answer 5

asthenosphere

Question 6

What is the smallest plate known?

Answer 6

Juan de Fuca Plate

Question 7

What is the largest plate known?

Answer 7

Pacific Plate

Question 8

What are the layers that formed the African Plate?

4.1

Answer 8

oceanic crust,continent crust, and teh uppermost mantle up in the lithosphere

Question 9

A boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
4.1

Answer 9

divergent boundary

Question 10

A boundary where two plates move towards wach other is called
4.1

Answer 10

convergent boundary

Question 11

When a plate becomes subducted under the other what happens?

4.1

Answer 11

The plate that is subducted melts and becomes part of the mantle.

Question 12

The process that occurs when one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate is called

4.1

Answer 12

subduction

Question 13

Two plates that slide past each other is called

4.1

Answer 13

transform boundary

Question 14

Which state has a transform boundry?

4.1

Answer 14

California

Question 15

This is a network of satellites that allow scientists to measure the speed and direction of the tectonic plates.
4.1

Answer 15

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Question 16

Circulation within fluids caused by differences in density and thermal engery is called
4.1

Answer 16

convection

Question 17

Where does the convection happen?

4.1

Answer 17

lithosphere

Question 18

What are two ways plates can move?

4.1

Answer 18

Convection forms circular currents that drap plates across the Earth’s surface. (Convection happens when different temp. and density happens)
Subduction

Question 19

Vibration caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or crack in the Earth’s surface is called
4.2

Answer 19

earthquake

Question 20

Crak or a fracture in Earth’s crust along which movement occurs and happen along the fault lines. This is what?
4.2

Answer 20

Fault

Question 21

Where does the energy of an earthquake come from?

4.2

Answer 21

It comes from the force that build up as rocks slide past each other at a fault.

Question 22

4.2

When movement along the faults happen. What is formed?

Answer 22

mountains, valleys, and other landforms

Question 23

4.2

Molten rock stored beneth earth’s surface is called

Answer 23

magma

Question 24

4.2

magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface is called

Answer 24

lava

Question 25

4.2

This vents within the earth’s crust and molten rock flows from

Answer 25

volcanoes

Question 26

4.2

Where are most volcanoes form at?

Answer 26

convergent plate boundaries

Question 27

4.2

What are 3 ways how volcanoes change the earth’s surface?

Answer 27

1. Volcanoes changes the earth’s surface when lava erupts and covers part of the landscape.
2. They can erupt explosively that can change the size and shape of the volcano.
3. They can eject ash and other particles into the atmosphere

Question 28

4.2

These are long and narrow mountains that are formed by magma at divergent boundaries

Answer 28

mid-ocean ridge

Question 29

4.2

Where do new ocean crust form at?

Answer 29

divergent plate boundary

Question 30

4.2

Where can you find the youngest ocean crust?

Answer 30

closest to the mid-ocean ridge

Question 31

4.2

Where and how are mountains formed?

Answer 31

Mountains are formed at the convergent plate boundaries.

Extreme pressure between the colliding plates causes the earth’s crust to bend at teh edge of these plates.

Question 32

4.3

A mechanical and chemical process that changes the earth’s surface over time is called

Answer 32

weathering

Question 33

4.3

What can weathering form/produce?

Answer 33

sediments

Question 34

4.3

rock, fragments, sand, silt, or clay is called

Answer 34

sediment

Question 35

4.3

The process of breaking down rock without changing the composition of the rock is called?

Answer 35

physical weathering

Question 36

4.3

What are the 4 things that can cause physical weathering?

Answer 36

1. faults rupture
2. changes of weather
3. plants and animals can break the rocks
4. rocks breaking from their original rock

Question 37

4.3

The process that changes the composition of rocks is called?

Answer 37

chemical weathering

minerals that can react with water, air, or substances in water and air

Question 38

4.3

moving of weathered material or sediment from one location to another is called

Answer 38

erison

Question 39

4.3

layering down or setting of eroded material is called

Answer 39

deposition

Question 40

4.3

Downhill movement of a large mass of rocks or soil due to gravity is called?

Answer 40

mass wasting

Question 41

4.3

What causes landslides on steep slopes and tall mountains?

Answer 41

mass wasting

Question 42

4.3

large mass of ice, formed by snow accumulation on land that moves slowly across the Earth’s surface is called

Answer 42

glaciers

Question 43

4.3

What is the break down and movement of the earth’s materials

Answer 43

rock, weathering, sediment, erosion, and deposition