Science Unit 1 Chapter 3 - 6th Grade Flashcards

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1
Q

The Earth system contains all living things is called?

3.1

A

biosphere

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2
Q

The mixture of gases forms a layer around the Earth is called?
3.1

A

atmosphere

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3
Q

What makes up the atmosphere?

3.1

A

nitrogen, oxygen, and smaller amounts of other gases

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4
Q

What are the layers of the atmoshere. In order bottom to the top
3.1

A

Troposphere, Strarosphere, and Upper Layers

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5
Q

Explain the Trososphere. (3 things)

3.1

A

temperature decreases as you move upward.
It causes weather.
Contains the most mass in the atmosphere.

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6
Q

Explain Stratosphere. (3 things)

3.1

A

Gases are more stable and form flat layers
Is where the ozone is located
Temperature increase in the stratoshere

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7
Q

Explain the upper layers of the atmosphere. (3 things)

3.1

A

Known as the exosphere
Lowest density of gas molecules
Beyond the exosphere is outer space

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8
Q

The system containing all Earth’s water is called?

3.1

A

hdrosphere

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9
Q

What is included in the hydrosphere?

3.1

A

Oceans, glaciers, ice caps, lakes, rivers, and ground water

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10
Q

Water that is stored in cracks and pores beneath Earth’s surface
3.1

A

Groundwater

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11
Q

the solid part of the Earth

3.1

A

geosphere

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12
Q

T/F The rocks and soil on land and beneth the ocean are part of the geosphere.
3.1

A

True

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13
Q

What makes up the geosphere?

3.1

A

soil, rock, and metal that are broken down to smaller particles.

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14
Q

Naturally occurring, inorganic solids that have crystal structures and definite chemical compositions is called ____.
3.1

A

Minerals

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15
Q

To be considered as a mineral it needs 5 characteristics which are______.
3.1

A

color, streak, hardness, luster, and crystal shape

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16
Q

Solid composed of minerals and sometimes other materials such as organic matter is what?
3.1

A

rock

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17
Q

How do scientists classify rocks?

3.1

A

how they are formed

18
Q

What are the 3 main types of rock?

3.1

A

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

19
Q

This rock is formed by molten material or magma.

3.1

A

igneous rock

20
Q

This rock is formed when forces such as water, wind, and ice break down rocks into smaller pieces.
3.1

A

sedimentary

21
Q

This rock is formed when extreme temperatures are pressure within the Earth’s change existing rock to new rocks. (They change structure.)
3.1

A

metamorphic rock

22
Q

The 3 layers that make up the geosphere are ____

3.1

A

crust, mantle, and core

23
Q

This is the brittle layer outer layer of the geosphere.

3.1

A

Crust

24
Q

The middle and largest layer of the geosphere. Made out of rock and is hotter and denser causing the rocks to flow.
3.1

A

Mantle

25
Q

Center of Earth and is made out of metal iron and nickle.

3.1

A

Core

26
Q

The core is made up of 2 parts. What are they and how are they different?
3.1

A

Outer core - is liquid

Inner core - is a dense ball of solid iron

27
Q

Continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth’s surface is called?
3.2

A

water cycle

28
Q

The process by which a liquid, such as water, changes into a gas is called?
3.2

A

evaporation

29
Q

The process by which plant release water vapor through their leaves is called?
3.2

A

transpiration

30
Q

The process by which a gas changes to a liquid is called?

3.2

A

condensation

31
Q

moisture that falls from clouds to Earth’s surface is called?
3.2

A

precipitation

32
Q

The state of the atmosphere at a certain time and place is called?
3.2

A

weather

33
Q

The average weather pattern for a region over a long period of time is called?
3.2

A

Climate

34
Q

What are the three factors scientists use to describe weather?
3.2

A

air temperature, air presurre, wind and humidity

35
Q

What are the 2 factors that affect the climate of a region?

3.2

A

mountain and ocean currents

36
Q

How does ocean currents affect the climate?

3.2

A

Ocean currents transfer thermal energy from one region to another, making some regions warmer or cooler than they would have been without the current.

37
Q

The series of processes that transport and continually change rocks into different forms is called?
3.2

A

rock cycle

38
Q

The rock cycle takes place in what atomsphere?

3.2

A

geosphere

39
Q

Is the process that moves large bodies of Earth materials to higher elevations is called?
3.2

A

Uplift

40
Q

what can cause weathering?

3.2

A

wind and water

41
Q

This rock is formed by high temperatures and pressure.

3.2

A

metamorphic rocks