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science gr 8 > science unit 1 > Flashcards

science unit 1 Flashcards

kr

1
Q

what do microbiologists study

A

they study cells

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2
Q

three needs of living things

A

oxygen food and water

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3
Q

what is a cell

A

The cell is an organism’s basic structural unit and life’s building block.

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4
Q

how have microscopes helped our understanding of cells and cell processes

A

Microscopes helped us observe cells, their structures, and processes, advancing biological and medical understanding.

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5
Q

what are the three main points of cell theory

A

Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life, organisms can be unicellular or multicellular, and all cells come from existing cells through cell division.

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6
Q

how do scientists divide orgasums

A

Scientists decide which is which by dividing organisms into those that can make their food (plants) (Fi6ure 1.9) and those that must consume other li ving things to get the nutrients they need (animals)

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7
Q

cytoplasm

A

liquid that fills the inside of a cell.

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8
Q

cell membrame

A

a shell that protects the inside of a cell from the outdoor environment

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9
Q

nucleus

A

The cell’s control center is the nucleus, containing genetic material (DNA) and regulating cell activities.

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10
Q

Organelles

A

Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions, like energy production or protein synthesis.

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11
Q

photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process where plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.

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12
Q

chloroplasts

A

plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process.

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13
Q

vacuole

A

a membrane-bound cell organelle

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14
Q

mitochondria

A

the powerhouse of the cell that is also a membrane-bound cell organelles

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15
Q

why do scientists add stains to cells when viewing them

A

cells are trensparent when u stain it u can see it more clearly

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16
Q

how have scientists assisted farmers in Canada?

A

they made plants that do not die in cold weather and are resistant to insects

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17
Q

what material is best for rain jackets

A

selectively permeable cuz it has some water vapor through but keeps out rain

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18
Q

at every time in the day are your cells working

A

yes they are doing things like energy production growth repair and waste removal

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19
Q

micrographs

A

photos taken by a microscope

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20
Q

permeable

A

liquid and gas can pass through easily

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21
Q

impermeable

A

not allowing fluid and gas to pass through easily

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22
Q

selective permeable

A

only allowing certain things to pass through

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23
Q

cellular transport

A

the movement of substances in and out of a cell

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24
Q

diffusion

A

the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area with lower concentration

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25
Q

osmosis

A

the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane

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26
Q

what is the role of kidneys

A

Your kidneys’ primary function is to filter your blood

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27
Q

what is dialisis and how does is work

A

a procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly.

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28
Q

what is a virus and how is it detected

A

virus are tiny agents that cause infection and can be seen by electron microscopes

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29
Q

use selectivly permible in a sentence

A

this raincoat in selectively permeable it keeps vapour in and keeps rain out

30
Q

What would be the impact on the environment if an artificial virns that attacked and destroyed chloroplasts in plant cells was accidently released by a research company?

A

The accidental release of an artificial virus that destroys chloroplasts would halt photosynthesis, causing widespread plant death. This would disrupt food chains, reduce oxygen production, increase carbon dioxide, and lead to biodiversity loss, potentially causing environmental collapse.

31
Q

how can u tell the differance betwwen animal cells and plant cells

A

plant cells are more rigid while animal cells are more free flowing

32
Q

what is the largest animal on earth how big is it what does it it feed on

A

blue whales feed on zooplankton grows to 25m long

33
Q

are unicellular organasums harmful or helpful

A

there are more helpful ones then unhelpful ones

34
Q

give an example of a unicellular organisum

A

parameoa they propel themselfs with cilla

35
Q

whats amobea

A

Amoeba are the simplest form of life and are found in oceans, streams, lakes, ponds, and wet soil

36
Q

how does air drying work

A

Air drying preserves food by removing moisture, which inhibits the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast that cause spoilage.

37
Q

unicellular

A

living things made out of a single cell

38
Q

specialized cells

A

cells that do specific things

39
Q

multicellular

A

an organism composed of many cells.

40
Q

describe a red blood cell

A

microscopic and have the shape of a flat disk or doughnut, which is round with an indentation in the center, but it isn’t hollow.

41
Q

tissues

A

Epithelial tissues act as coverings, controlling the movement of materials across their surface.

42
Q

organs

A

a collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function

43
Q

4 types of animal tissue in organs

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

44
Q

3 different types of plant tissues in organs

A

protective transport and photosynthetic tissue

45
Q

what cellular activities reqiure energy

A

growth repair and reproduction

46
Q

cells have a lifespan explain in point form

A

Cells go through different phases during their lives blood cells only live for about 13 days, whereas red blood cells live for about 120 days.

47
Q

explain cell division

A

the name we give the process through which cells replicate and make two new cells

48
Q

explain why multicellular organisms are very complex

A

They all have to work togther to do stuff

49
Q

do all cells have to be made out of eachother

A

yes

50
Q

do organs work in isolation

A

if your blood vessels did not exist it would be harder to get blood to your feet

51
Q

what is cell biology

A

a study of cell structure and function

52
Q

hearing damage can be caused by many factor what’s the main one

A

earbuds style headphones on high volume for long periods of time

53
Q

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

A

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

54
Q

organ system

A

a biological system consisting of organs that work together to perform one or more functions

55
Q

skeletal system

A

a framework of bones and cartilage that supports and protects tissues and organs

56
Q

muscular system

A

a system composed of specilised cells called muscle fibers

57
Q

circulatory system

A

the system that contains the heart and moves blood throughout the body

58
Q

respiratory system

A

the organs are involved in your breathing like your nose,trancia and lungs

59
Q

nervous system

A

includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body

60
Q

digestive system

A

Your GI tract is a series of hollow organs that connect to digest and move food through your body. I

61
Q

excreatory system

A

the system the removes waste products from the body

62
Q

integumentary system

A

the body’s outer layer and the first line of defence against bacteria

63
Q

endocrine system

A

the system that makes hormones and spreads them though out the body

64
Q

what are hormones

A

Chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body.

65
Q

lymphadic system

A

a part of the immune system that keeps fluid in a level and defends against infection

66
Q

List 4 infectious diseases that have been brought under control in much of the worldbecause of improvements in technology for studying cells.

A

smallpox polio malaria tuberculosis

67
Q

What is the challenge for researchers in cell biology and related fields?

A

may not have a solid science background or find abstract concepts and curing people with spinal cord injuries

68
Q

what does sars stand for how is it transmitted and was it destroyed

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome-contact either with airborne
water droplets or with contaminated surfaces. it was never destroyed

69
Q

How have cell biologist changed plants? Give at least two ways.

A

to grow in cold weather and to have better nutritional value

70
Q

What are critics of cell biology concerned with?

A

putting chemicals on food crops and what it might do to humans

71
Q

What are the most plentiful cells in your body and about how many are there

A

bacteria cells are the most common and there are100 000 000 000 000. Or
maybe it’s 1 000 000 000 000 000

72
Q
A

science gr 8 (2 decks)

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