science unit 1 Flashcards
Define fluid:
A liquid or a gas with no set shape
What are WHMIS symbols?
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
Define “slurry” and provide an example.
A mix of liquid and solid (mud)
Define “pure substance” and provide an example.
A substance made up of only one thing (water)
Define “mixture” and provide an example.
2 or more pure substances mixed together (juice)
define Heterogeneous mixtures:
the mechanical mixture which all the substances are easy to see (tea and tea leaves)
define Suspensions
A cloudy mixture with Pisces from one substance that stays in the middle of another substance it normally separates(salad dressing)
define Colloids
Cloudy mixture where everything is too small to separate(milk)
describe Homogenous mixtures:
A mixture that looks like its only one substance
or a solution
describe Solutions
homogenous mixture
Define solute and solvent and provide an example of each.
The solute is a substance that dissolves into the solvent (Koolaid powder and water)
What is concentration?
The amount of solute
What is the formula for calculating concentration?
c=g/mL
What are the units for concentration?
grams(g)
millilitres(mL)
Which has a higher concentration: 20g of salt in 25mL or water OR 95g of salt in 100mL of water?
95g of salt in 100mL of water
Describe the difference between diluted and concentrated solutions.
Diluted=has small amount of solute
Concentrated= has a large amount of solute
Define solubility.
Ability to dissolve mass of solute
What three factors affect solubility?
Temperature, type of solute, type of solvent
Define saturation point.
The max amount of solute that can be dissolved
Define the particle model of matter and list its four main properties.
It explains the behavior of solids liquids and gasses
Four main properties are:
All matter is made up of particles
Tiny particles are always moving and vibrating
May be attracted or bonding together
Have spaces between them
What factors affect the rate of dissolving?
Temperature, amount of stirring, and size of particles
Define “viscosity” and explain the effect of temperature on viscosity.
the rate something flows
hotter= faster
Colder= slower
Define “density:”
amount of mass in a given volume
What is the formula for calculating density? What are the units for density?
d=g/ml
grams(g)
millilitres(ml)
Describe the effect of temperature on the density of a fluid.
hotter= flow faster cold= flow slower
Define “buoyancy” and provide an example of a technology that utilizes buoyant force.
the ability to float
pismoioal lines
Define “compressibility” and explain which compresses more, a liquid or a gas.
The ability to compress something
gas compresses better
Define “pressure:”
amount of force applied to a given area
What is the formula for calculating pressure?
p=f/a
What are the units for pressure?
force
area
pressure
pascals
What is Pascal’s Law? Provide an example of a technology that utilizes Pascal’s Law.
pressure in a container applied equally in all directions
a hydraulic braking system in a car
define Hydraulic System:
and provide an example
liquid under pressure to move loads
mechanical car lift
define Pneumatic System:
and provide an example
gas under pressure to move loads
mechanical car lift
define pump and provide an example
a device that moves fluids through something
tire pump
define valve and provide an example
a device that controls the flow of liquids
sink nozzle
