science unit 06 grade 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the cell

A

cell is the structural unit of the living body

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2
Q

What are unicellular and multicellular organisms?

A

Organisms composed of a single cell are unicellular, and those with many cells are multicellular

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3
Q

Explain the process of studying animal cells (cheek cells).

A

Wash the mouth, scrape inner cheek, transfer specimen to a slide, cover with a slip, observe through a light microscope.

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4
Q

Describe the materials required for studying plant cells (onion peel cells).

A

Onion peel, watch glass, glass slide, cover slip, paintbrush, microscope, water.

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5
Q

What is the significance of the cell wall in plant cells?

A

The cell wall maintains the shape of the plant cell, provides support, and offers protection

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6
Q

Differentiate between animal and plant cells based on their outer covering.

A

Animal cells have a plasma membrane, while plant cells have a cell wall and a plasma membrane.

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7
Q

Name the organelle responsible for the transportation of proteins within the cell.

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

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8
Q

What is the purpose of mitosis?

A

Mitosis multiplies cells while maintaining a constant number of chromosomes, contributing to growth, repair, and maintenance.

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9
Q

Why is meiosis important in sexual reproduction?

A

Meiosis halves the chromosome number during gamete formation, ensuring a constant chromosome number during fertilization

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10
Q

Compare the number of divisions in meiosis and mitosis.

A

Meiosis has two divisions, while mitosis has only one division.

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11
Q

What are the main functions of the cell wall in plant cells?

A

The cell wall in plant cells maintains the cell’s shape, provides support, and offers protection.

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12
Q

Why is the nucleus considered the main organelle in a cell?

A

The nucleus is the main organelle because it stores genetic material, controls cell activities, and plays a key role in cell division

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13
Q

Describe the process of studying plant cells (onion peel cells) in activity 02.

A

Cut an onion, obtain a peel, transfer it to a slide with water using a paintbrush, cover with a slip, and observe through a microscope.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the central vacuole in plant cells?

A

The central vacuole in plant cells stores water, sugar, ions, and pigments, providing structural support and maintaining turgor pressure.

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15
Q

Differentiate between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis

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16
Q

Explain the significance of maintaining a constant number of chromosomes from generation to generation.

A

Maintaining a constant number of chromosomes ensures genetic stability and species continuity.

17
Q

Why is meiosis referred to as “reduction division”?

A

Meiosis is called “reduction division” because it halves the chromosome number, producing haploid cells.

18
Q

Provide two examples of differences between animal and plant cells according to Table 6.1.

A

Animal cells lack a cell wall, have a large central vacuole, while plant cells have a cell wall and lack centrioles.

18
Q

How do variations occur during meiosis, and why are they significant?

A

Structural changes in chromosomes during meiosis lead to variations, contributing to genetic diversity and evolution.

19
Q

What is the main function of the Golgi complex in a cell?

A

The Golgi complex is involved in the production, packaging, and secretion of secretory substances.

20
Q

cell theory is introduced by ?

A

schliedon, Shawn, radolf verchow