science unit 06 grade 10 Flashcards
what is the cell
cell is the structural unit of the living body
What are unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Organisms composed of a single cell are unicellular, and those with many cells are multicellular
Explain the process of studying animal cells (cheek cells).
Wash the mouth, scrape inner cheek, transfer specimen to a slide, cover with a slip, observe through a light microscope.
Describe the materials required for studying plant cells (onion peel cells).
Onion peel, watch glass, glass slide, cover slip, paintbrush, microscope, water.
What is the significance of the cell wall in plant cells?
The cell wall maintains the shape of the plant cell, provides support, and offers protection
Differentiate between animal and plant cells based on their outer covering.
Animal cells have a plasma membrane, while plant cells have a cell wall and a plasma membrane.
Name the organelle responsible for the transportation of proteins within the cell.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Mitosis multiplies cells while maintaining a constant number of chromosomes, contributing to growth, repair, and maintenance.
Why is meiosis important in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis halves the chromosome number during gamete formation, ensuring a constant chromosome number during fertilization
Compare the number of divisions in meiosis and mitosis.
Meiosis has two divisions, while mitosis has only one division.
What are the main functions of the cell wall in plant cells?
The cell wall in plant cells maintains the cell’s shape, provides support, and offers protection.
Why is the nucleus considered the main organelle in a cell?
The nucleus is the main organelle because it stores genetic material, controls cell activities, and plays a key role in cell division
Describe the process of studying plant cells (onion peel cells) in activity 02.
Cut an onion, obtain a peel, transfer it to a slide with water using a paintbrush, cover with a slip, and observe through a microscope.
What is the purpose of the central vacuole in plant cells?
The central vacuole in plant cells stores water, sugar, ions, and pigments, providing structural support and maintaining turgor pressure.
Differentiate between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis