Science Test Knowledge Flashcards
Describe the importance of water as a solvent in daily life, industries and the environment
Daily life - We use water to make drinks such as tea. I.E to make tea you must put the teabag and/or sugar in the hot water for it to dissolve
describe aqueous mixtures in terms of solute, solvent, and solution
Water-solvent
Orange juice-solution
Solute-sugar
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for filtration
Use a spoon with holes at the bottom and put the mixture in it. The solid will stay in the spoon while the liquid will pass through
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for decantation
Carefully pouring the liquid from the sediment into a different container to hold
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for evaporation
If the subject is solid in a liquid (e.x, salt in water) you can just put the mixture in the sun in which the water evaporates and is left with salt
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for crystallization
Heat the mixture (which takes most of the sediment away) and let it cool. This allows the rest of the sediment to crystallize.
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for chromatography.
Separates molecules and atoms in a mixture.
Separate the components of some standard mixtures to the physical principles involved in each process for Distillation.
You burn the mixture which causes more fast-paced evaporation to happen. The same result as evaporating
investigate the application of a physical separation technique used in everyday situations or industrial processes, eg water filtering, sorting waste materials, extracting pigments or oils from plants, separating blood products, or cleaning up oil spills
A centrifuge is a useful scientific tool for separating blood molecules.
research how people in different occupations use understanding and skills from across the disciplines of Science in carrying out separation techniques
Doctors use the centrifuge for blood transaction
Workers of water filtration use chloroform to separate and kill bacteria from the water.
describe the behavior of matter in terms of particles that are continuously moving and interacting
The particles are usually heated up if they are doing this.
relate an increase or decrease in the amount of heat energy possessed by particles to changes in particle movement
Increasing the amount of heat energy makes the particles move faster and more freely.
use a simple particle model to predict the effect of adding or removing heat on different states of matter
Solid - particles are so close together that they can’t move at all or have very little
Liquid -Particles are not as close together and can move more freely
Gas - Hardly together move very freely
Plasma- Basically gas but faster and more freely
relate changes in the physical properties of matter to heat energy and particle movement that occur during observations of evaporation, condensation, boiling, melting, and freezing
Evaporating -
In the 1st stage -rigid has a set shape
The second -is not rigid. can be compressed. No defined shape
describe interactions between organisms in food chains and food webs, including producers, consumers, and decomposers
Producers make their own food
Consumers-Eat to gain energy and survive
a decomposer-An organism that breaks down dead organic material.
identify reasons for classifying living things
makes it easier for us to understand and know where certain animals’ ancestors are.
classify a variety of living things based on similarities and differences in structural features
Bird -small legs
-Can’t inflate
Pufferfish - no legs
identify some examples of groups of microorganisms
Fungi
Protozoa
Bacteria
outline the structural features used to group living things, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria
All of them are living, and need the energy to live, depending on the Sun.
classify a range of the Earth’s resources as renewable or non‑renewable
Non-renewable soil, rock, and coal
Renewable-sunlight, snow and plants, wind, water
outline features of some non-renewable resources, including metal ores and fossil fuels
They can’t be used again or they can’t be replenished at the same rate that they are used.
investigate some strategies people use to conserve and manage non-renewable resources, eg recycling and the alternative use of natural and made resources
Recycling
Only using it when it is essential
Providing alternatives
discuss different viewpoints people may use to weight criteria in making decisions about the use of a major non-renewable resource found in Australia
Viewpoint-A person who isn’t informed about the topic
Viewpoint-Passionate about it
Viewpoint doesn’t care
Viewpoint-Don’t want to conserve it will be used anyways so what’s the point of saving it
explain that predictable phenomena on the Earth, including day and night, seasons, and eclipses are caused by the relative positions of the sun, the Earth, and the moon
Sunlight-This is due to the massive distance and power that the sun can use and travel
Moonlight-When the sun ‘departs’(i.e the earth orbiting) the moon takes its place to provide light.
Day- The light of the sun affects different parts of the earth at different times which is why we have time zones.
describe some examples of how technological advances have led to discoveries and increased scientific understanding of the solar system
Telescopes
-Telescopes help us make a valid measurement of the speed of light and see things too far for the naked eye.
What is the difference between Mass and Weight
Your mass is the same no matter where you go in the universe; your weight, on the other hand, changes from place to place.
identify changes that take place when particular forces are acting
The object will change direction, slow down or change shape
predict the effect of unbalanced forces acting in everyday situations
The object would fall due to the unequal force, meaning it would have to be picked up constantly
describe some examples of technological developments that have contributed to finding solutions to reduce the impact
of forces in everyday life, eg car safety equipment, and footwear design
Crumple zone in the front and rear of a car
Helmets
Soles in shoes help reduce impact
analyze some everyday common situations where friction operates to oppose the motion and produce heat
Rubbing hands together
Sliding hands-on carpets
Rubbing two sticks together to make a fire
Describe the importance of water as a solvent in daily life, industries, and the environment
Daily life - We use water to make drinks such as tea. I.E to make tea you must put the teabag and/or sugar in the hot water for it to dissolve
