Science test 4 Flashcards
Vena Cava
The Right Atrium and Right Ventricle collects deoxygenated blood from the body through the Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery
From the Right Ventricle, the deoxygenated blood is pushed to the Lungs through the Pulmonary Artery
Aorta
Oxygenated blood returns to the Heart and enters into the Left Atrium and Left Ventricle before being pushed towards the rest of the body through the Aorta
All Hearts have _____ that help control the flow of blood,
and helps to prevent backflow of blood within the Heart
Valves
The Heart is part of the body’s __________ system,
Autonomic Response
Neuron
A basic cell within the body’s Nervous System that helps transmit information between nerves and within the Brain
Cell body
Contains the nucleus and genetic material for the neuron
Dendrites
They pick up impulses from other nerves
Axon
A long, protected section of the neuron that allows for impulses to be transmitted
Synapses
The points of connection between neurons
Neurotransmitters
The gap between two neurons allows for chemicals called neurotransmitters to be sent to other neurons
Types of synapses
Chemical and Electrical
What is the nervous system?
The Nervous System allows for two-way transmission of electrical impulses between the Body and the Brain
Sympathetic Nervous System
Responsible for the “Fight, Flight, or Freeze”
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Responsible for keeping the body calm
Regions of the brain
Hind, Fore, and Midbrain
The Hindbrain controls
breathing and heart rate, and the Cerebellum controls coordination and movement
The Midbrain controls
reflexes and voluntary movements
The Forebrain
is the largest and most developed region, and separates humans from other species
The Cerebrum controls
intellectual activities such as memory, organization, imagination, and computation
The two Hemispheres are in constant communication through the _______ which bridges the two halves
Corpus Callosum
The Brain contains 3 main glands:
the Hypothalamus, the Pituitary Gland, and the Pineal Gland
The Hypothalamus controls
many metabolic functions
The Pituitary Gland
mainly controls the growth of the body
The Pineal Gland
mainly produces Melatonin
Most common brain issue
headaches
White blood cells
Their main function is to protect the body from infections
Hemoglobin
allows the Red Blood Cells to bind with Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Plasma
Its main function is to carry nutrients and waste to and from cells
Platelets
Their main function is to assist in clotting blood
Gastric acids
helps break down Proteins
