Science Test 20/01/25 Flashcards
Variation and Plants and Their Reproduction
How do you work out the bionamal name?
Genus and species.
Define reproduction.
A biological process in which an organism produces offsprings.
What happens in sexual reproduction?
Two gametes, one from each parent, combine to make an embryo.
What is the offspring of two different species called?
Hybrids- they are not fertile.
What are the two types of pollination?
Insect and wind.
How does a plant grow?
- The seed absorbs water rapidly, causing it to swell.
- The root grows downwards.
- The shoot starts to grow upwards.
- The first leaf starts to appear.
- More leaves start to appear.
What is the photosynthesis equation?
Carbon dioxide + water ➡️ Glucose + oxygen
How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?
- Thin- allows gases to reach cells easily.
- Wide- a large surface area to absorb as much light as possible.
- Veins- carry water to the cells and carry glucose away. Supports leaves too.
- Stomata- holes on the underside of leaves allowing gases to move in and out.
What are the limiting factors?
- Concentration of carbon dioxide.
- Light intensity.
- Temperature.
Define aerobic respiration.
The process of plants using oxygen to break down glucose and release energy for growth.
What are the male and female parts of a plant NAMES?
Male: Stamen Female: Carpel
What is the purpose of petals?
Coloured, flag-like structures which attract insects.
What is the purpose of the sepal?
It is the part of the flower that protects the bud.
What parts of the plant are part of the carpel?
Stigma, style and ovary
What parts of the plant are part of the stamen
Anther and filament.
Purpose of the anther?
Makes pollen
Purpose of the filament?
Supports the anther.
Purpose of the stigma?
Receives the pollen from the visiting insects.
Purpose of the style?
Connects the stigma to the ovary.
Purpose of the ovary?
Located at the base of the flower and is where the ovules can be found.
Describe insect pollinating plants (3 marks/6 marks).
- Use insects to move pollen from flower to flower.
- Brightly coloured, sweet smelling petals.
- Often conatin nectar, and it’s often sticky.
- Stigma has a sticky coating, so pollen sticks to it
Describe wind pollination plants (3 marks/6 marks).
- The pollen from the flower of one plant is blown by the wind.
- Small petals, often brown or dull dull green.
- Pollen is very light and produced in large quantities.
- Anthers are loosely attached and dangle out of the flower.
- Stigma hangs outside the flower.
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which plants make their own food (energy).
Equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbondioxide +Water + (Energy)
