Science T1 Flashcards
What model did Ernest Rutherford make?
Nuclear model
What model did John dalton make?
Solid sphere model
What model did JJ Thomson make?
Plum pudding model
What model did Niles Bohr make?
Planetary model
What model did James chadwick make?
Atomic model
What charge to electrons give
negative
What are electrons equal to
protons
What charge do protons give
positive
What does the atomic number equal?
number of protons
what charge do neutrons give
no charge (neutral)
how do you find the number of neutrons?
atomic mass-atomic number
what is the symbol for glucose
C6H12O6
What is the symbol for ammonia
NH3
symbol for magnesium oxide
Mgo
symbol for sodium chloride
NaCl
symbol for carbon monoxide
CO
Symbol for methane
Ch4
symbol for cabon dioxide
CO2
Symbol for oxygen
O2
What does H2 mean
hydrogen
is h2o ionic or covalent
covalent
ionic meaning
metal & non-metal
covalent meaning
only non-metals
what is the law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass says that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system. The total mass stays the same before and after a reaction. Mass is just rearranged, not lost or created
what is an example of the law of conservation of mass
If you mix vinegar and baking soda, they react and form bubbles (gas), but the total mass of everything stays the same.
What is a diatomic molecule, and can you name two examples?
A diatomic molecule has two atoms. Examples: O₂ (oxygen), H₂ (hydrogen).
Which elements are in Group 18 of the periodic table?
Group 18 elements are noble gases: helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar)
Give 3 examples of covalent bonds on the periodic table
Carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia
Give 3 examples of ionic bonds on the periodic table
sodium chloride, magnesium oxide, lithium fluoride
what is a compound and give an example
A compound is a substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically joined together. The elements in a compound are bonded in a fixed ratio.
For example, water (H₂O) is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms joined together
what is an element and give 1 example
An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. An example of an element is oxygen (O).
What is a lattice and give an example
A lattice is a repeating pattern of particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) arranged in a solid.
Example: Salt (NaCl) has a lattice of sodium and chloride ions
How are atoms arranged?
Atoms are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus. The electron arrangement in atoms generally follows the 2, 8, 8, 2
what is the nucleus and what is found in it?
The nucleus is the central part of an atom. Inside the nucleus, you’ll find two types of particles:
Protons: Positively charged particles.
Neutrons: Particles with no charge (neutral).
Where are neutrons electrons located on an atom?
Electrons are located in energy levels or shells that surround the nucleus of the atom. These shells are arranged at different distances from the nucleus.
What is the top number on an element called?
atomic number
what is the bottom number called
atomic mass
what is in a substance
A substance is made up of atoms or molecules
