History T1 Flashcards
What is CE and AD (same meaning)?
Common era and Anno Domani (same meaning)
What is BCE
Before common era
When was ancient rome?
753 BCE - 476 CE
What is a Barbarian?
A person from an alien land, culture, or group believed to be inferior, uncivilized, or violent. Didn’t speak Latin. People who were war like, rogue, want to take over. People who aren’t roman.
Who is Charlemagne?
Charlemagne was the King of the Franks (768–814) and later the first Holy Roman Emperor (800–814), who expanded his empire across much of Western Europe and promoted education, law, and Christianity.
Why was Charlemagne important?
Charlemagne was important because he united much of Western Europe, strengthened the Frankish kingdom, and was crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor in 800, marking the revival of the Roman Empire in the West. He also promoted education, legal reforms, and Christianity, helping shape medieval European culture and government.
Who were the Anglo- Saxons and what did they do?
The Anglo-Saxons were a group of Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) who settled in England after the fall of the Roman Empire, forming several kingdoms and laying the foundation for English culture and language.
What year was the 13th century?
12,000
When were the middle ages?
The Middle Ages were 500–1500 AD/CE.
What is feudalism?
Feudalism was a medieval social and political system based on land ownership and loyalty.
What did lords do in feudalism?
Lords owned land and gave it to vassals in exchange for military service.
What was the role of serfs?
Serfs worked the land for the lords and had limited freedoms.
Who was at the top of the feudal system?
King was at the top, with lords, knights, and peasants beneath.
What were manors in feudalism?
Land was divided into manors, which were self-sufficient communities.
What was the Norman Conquest and when did it happen?
The Norman Conquest occurred in 1066 when William the Conqueror invaded England.
Who was William the Conqueror and why did he invade England?
William was the Duke of Normandy, claiming the English throne after King Edward’s death.
What happened at the Battle of Hastings?
The Battle of Hastings was the decisive fight, where William defeated King Harold II.
What changes did William bring to England after his victory?
After the victory, William became King of England, changing the country’s culture and governance.
How did the Normans impact England’s society and architecture?
The Normans introduced feudalism, the Domesday Book, and new architectural styles like castles.
What is the Bayeux Tapestry and what story does it tell?
The Bayeux Tapestry is a long embroidered cloth that tells the story of the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
What events are shown on the Bayeux Tapestry?
It depicts key events, including the Battle of Hastings, using detailed stitched images.
When and where was the Bayeux Tapestry made?
Created in the 11th century, it is nearly 70 meters long and is preserved in Bayeux, France.
Explain the role of the king in the middle ages and its ranking
Ruled the kingdom and granted land to nobles. Number 1 ranked (highest)
Explain the role of the Nobles/Lords in the middle ages and its ranking
Controlled land, protected vassals, and served the king. Number 2 ranked
Explain the role of the Knights in the middle ages and its ranking
Trained warriors who defended the land and followed chivalry. Number 3 ranked
Explain the role of the Clergy (Priests, Monks, Bishops) in the middle ages and its ranking
Led the Church, provided education, and helped the poor. Number 4 ranked
Explain the role of the Merchants in the middle ages and its ranking
Traded goods and ran businesses in towns. Number 5 ranked
Explain the role of the Clergy Craftsmen/Artisans in the middle ages and its ranking
Made tools, clothing, and other goods (e.g., blacksmiths, carpenters). Number 6 ranked
Explain the role of the Peasants/Serfs in the middle ages and its ranking
Worked the land for lords in exchange for protection.
Number 7 ranked (lowest)
What is the hierarchy of the Church and what are the roles of each level?
The hierarchy of the Church consists of the Pope at the top, followed by Cardinals, Archbishops, Bishops, Priests, Deacons, Religious Brothers and Sisters, and the Laity, each with specific roles in guiding and serving the Church community.
