science summer test 2024

Question 1

what is digestion

Answer 1

digestion is the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller food molecules

Question 2

what are the stages of digestion

Answer 2

ingestion,digestion,absorption,assimilation,egestion

Question 3

what is ingestion

Answer 3

taking food into the mouth

Question 4

what is absorbtion

Answer 4

passing digested food (now nutrients) through the small intestine and into the blood

Question 5

what is assimilation

Answer 5

body cells take in nutrients and use them for growth and repair

Question 6

what is egestion

Answer 6

undigested food/waste products are removed from the body

Question 7

what is mechanical digestion

Answer 7

when food is broken up physically by teeth and muscles in the stomach

Question 8

what is chemical digestion

Answer 8

when food is broken down by special chemicals called enzymes

Question 9

what are all the types of teeth

Answer 9

incisors,canines,premolars,molars

Question 10

what are incisors used for

Answer 10

chisel shaped,at front,used for cutting

Question 11

what are canines used for

Answer 11

long and pointed,at front,used for biting

Question 12

what are premolars used for

Answer 12

have blunt cusps,on sides,used for chewing

Question 13

what are molars used for

Answer 13

have blunt cusps,at back,used for chewing

Question 14

what are catalysts

Answer 14

substances that speed up a chemical reaction but are not used up in the reaction

Question 15

what are enzymes

Answer 15

a type of biological catalyst made from proteins and found in living organisms

Question 16

what is amylase

Answer 16

an enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch to maltose

Question 17

what is the function of the oesophagus

Answer 17

connects mouth to stomach,food moves through in a process called peristalsis

Question 18

what is the function of the stomach

Answer 18

stores and digests food

Question 19

what is the function of the liver

Answer 19

produces bile

Question 20

what is the function of the gallbladder

Answer 20

stores bile

Question 21

what is the function of the pancreas

Answer 21

makes amylase (digests starch to maltose) and lipase (digests fats)

Question 22

what is the function of the small intestine

Answer 22

helps to further digest food coming from the stomach

Question 23

what is the function of the large intestine

Answer 23

absorbs water from undigested food back into the bloodstream producing faeces

Question 24

what are the folds that cover the small intestine called

Answer 24

villi

Question 25

what happens to air as it passes through the lungs

Answer 25

air is warmed and moistened

Question 26

what is the epiglottis

Answer 26

a flap of tissue that sits beneath the tongue at the back of the throat,prevents food going down your airway

Question 27

what is the function of the trachea

Answer 27

carries air to and from the lungs

Question 28

what keeps the trachea from collapsing

Answer 28

c-shaped rings of cartilage

Question 29

what is the function of the bronchi

Answer 29

direct air from the trachea to the lungs

Question 30

where does air from the bronchi go

Answer 30

air from the bronchi travel to the bronchioles

Question 31

where do the bronchioles carry air

Answer 31

the alveoli

Question 32

what occurs at the alveoli

Answer 32

gas exchange

Question 33

what happens when you breathe in

Answer 33

ribs expand,intercostal muscles move up and out,diaphragm moves down

Question 34

what happens when you breathe out

Answer 34

ribs get smaller,intercostal muscles move down and in,diaphragm moves up

Question 35

what does the circulatory system consist of

Answer 35

the heart,blood,and blood vessels