Science - Substances | Test #5

Question 1

What is a Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 1

Heterogeneous Mixtures contain different materials that can be seen and felt
Heterogeneous Mixtures are often called Mechanical Mixtures

Question 2

What is a Dilute Solution

Answer 2

Not as much solute

Question 3

What is an Alloy

Answer 3

Mixture of two or more metals that form a homogeneous mixture
An Alloy helps a metal become stronger by fitting solute metal particles into the spaces between solvent metal particles
Alloys also allow for strong metals to become rust-resistant

Question 4

What is a Crystal

Answer 4

A solid made up of repeated patterns

Question 5

Why is Glass a Amorphous Solid

Answer 5

Its not a crystal
The pattern looks like a liquid, random

Question 6

Where does Shellac come from

Answer 6

Comes for the lac bug, its poop

Question 7

Who created the Periodic Table of Elements?

Answer 7

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 8

Pure Substances

Answer 8

Pure Substances have only one kind of particle
Most pure substances have to be produced by humans

Question 9

Mixtures

Answer 9

Mixtures are composed of 2 or more Pure Substances
Some mixtures are combinations of gases, liquids, and solids

Question 10

Homogeneous Mixtures

Answer 10

Homogeneous Mixtures contain different materials that look and feel as if they are one substance

Question 11

Solutions

Answer 11

Solutions have one substance mixed into another substance
The Solvent is the component that is being mixed into, which is usually the majority of the solution
The Solute is the component that is being mixed into the Solvent

Question 12

Creating Solutions

Answer 12

When Solutes are placed in a Solvent,
the Solute particles separate
The Solute particles move into spaces between the Solvent particles
The Solute and Solvent particles will continue to settle into place through Entropy

Question 13

Concentration of Solutions

Answer 13

A Dilute Solution is a solution with a low concentration of Solutes
A Concentrated Solution is a solution with a high concentration of Solutes

Question 14

Saturation

Answer 14

An Unsaturated Solution will have more space between Solvent and Solute particles
A Saturated Solution will have little-to-no space between Solvent and Solute particles
A Supersaturated Solution will have too many Solute particles to fit within the Solvent particles
Heat can allow the Solute particles to fit in between Solvent particles

Question 15

Mohs Scale

Answer 15

The Mohs Scale, developed by Friedrich Mohs, rates the hardness of materials based on their ability to scratch other softer materials

Question 16

Metals

Answer 16

Malleability (which means they can be beaten into different shapes)
Ductility (which means they can be stretched into wires without breaking)

Question 17

Oxidation

Answer 17

Oxidation occurs when metals are exposed to Oxygen particles, and the Oxygen particles bind with the metal particles
The colour of oxidation is dependent on the metal

Question 18

Can all naturally occurring Elements become Crystals?

Answer 18

The 92 naturally occurring Elements (Hydrogen to Uranium) can become Crystals

Question 19

Crystal Definition

Answer 19

Crystals are solids with Atoms arranged in a repeated pattern
The crystalline pattern repeats over and over again until it overlaps into a crystal
The repeated patterns of the molecules of crystals will have an effect on the substance’s crystalline structure
Salt (NaCl) will create cubic crystals

Quartz (SiO2) and
Water (H2O) will create hexagonal crystals

Question 20

Liquid Crystals

Answer 20

Liquid Crystals exist in a state of matter somewhere between solid and liquid
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) take advantage of this semi-liquid and semi-solid state of liquid crystals by combining them with electrical charges and mirrors

Question 21

Diamonds

Answer 21

Diamonds need to be cut in a certain fashion in order to allow enough light to shine through the gem

Question 22

Transparent, Translucent, and Opaque

Answer 22

Transparent materials allow light to pass through,
Translucent materials allow some light to be blocked, and Opaque materials allow no light to pass through

Question 23

Glass

Answer 23

Glass is an Amorphous Solid because its molecules do not create crystals
Glass is a Homogeneous Mixture with Silica (SiO2) as the Solvent
Soda Ash or Potash and Limestone are the Solutes
Soda Ash or Potash lowers the melting point of Glass, and Limestone hardens the Glass

Question 24

Properties of Glass

Answer 24

Glass is a Non-Porous substance,
which gives it the ability to not absorb non-glass materials
Glass is Transparent despite its high density of materials
Light can pass through because the Glass’s electrons do not interact with the Photons

Question 25

Super Cooled

Answer 25

Glass has strong Heat Resistance where it loses heat rapidly The rapid loss of heat can allow Glass to be classified as a Supercooled Liquid, which prevents it from forming crystals The atoms of Glass resemble a liquid, but the texture of the Glass resembles a solid

Question 26

Types of Glass

Answer 26

Different variations of Glass have combinations of materials to strengthen Glass Laminated Glass is a combination of plastic and glass where a plastic layer helps bond pieces of glass together Tempered Glass is usually made by heating and then quickly cooling the glass This allows the glass to balance compressive forces (outer) and tensile forces (inner) within the glass When Tempered Glass is broken, it breaks up into small pieces instead of large shards Fiberglass is created by blowing compressed air on to molten glass It is created by blowing compressed air on to molten glass

Question 27

Plastic Surgery

Answer 27

Plastic Surgery requires the Human Body to be reshaped or remoulded The term Plastic is derived from the Greek word for “Capable of being Moulded or Shaped”

Question 28

Polymers

Answer 28

Plastics are materials that have chains of Polymers that allow the material to be easily malleable Polymers are basically chains of Carbon atoms with other atoms attached to them