science stuff Flashcards
stuff
What is Heredity?
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
What is a Dominant trait?
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
What is a Recessive trait?
a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.
What is a Gene?
one set of instructions for an inherited trait.
What is an Allele?
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic , such as hair color
What is a Phenotype?
an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic.
What is the Genotype?
the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.
What is probability?
the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
What is Meiosis?
a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.
What are Sex Chromosomes?
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
What is a Pedigree?
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
What is DNA?
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
What is Nucleotide?
in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
What are Mutations?
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
What is RNA?
a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production.
