Science Semester Review

Question 0

Force equation

Answer 0

F=Ma

Question 1

Oxidation number

Answer 1

The number of electrons an element/polyatomic atom has gained or lost in a chemical reaction

Question 2

Acceleration of gravity

Answer 2

10m/s^2

Question 3

Types of bonds

Answer 3

Ionic- atoms give or receive atoms and magnetically attract

Question 4

Types of reactions

Answer 4

Combustion
Decomposition
Synthesis
Single replacement
Double replacement

Question 5

Velocity

Answer 5

The change in displacement over time (+direction)

Question 6

Speed

Answer 6

Change in distance over change in time

Question 7

Distance

Answer 7

The total amount a object has traveled

Question 8

Displacement

Answer 8

The distance between the starting and ending point and the direction between the two points

Question 9

Terminal velocity

Answer 9

A point where air resistance and the force of gravity are exactly equal

Question 10

Friction

Answer 10

the force that opposes motion

Question 11

Newton’s first law of motion

Answer 11

An object at rest stays at rest until a force acts upon it. An object in motion stays in motion unless a force acts upon it.

Question 12

Newton’s third law of motion

Answer 12

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 13

Newton’s second law of motion

Answer 13

The force acting onan object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. Also the direction of the acceleration is the same as the direction of the force

Question 14

Acceleration

Answer 14

The change in velocity over time +direction

Question 15

Metals

Answer 15

Shiny, conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, solid at room temperature (except for mercury)

Question 16

Nonmetal

Answer 16

Brittle, not conductive, not ductile, most gas at room temperature (some are solid but only bromine is a liquid at room temperature), and dull

Question 17

Metalloid

Answer 17

Elements that have some characteristics of metal and some of nonmetals, semiconductors, some are malleable, some are ductile, mostly solid at room temperature.

Question 18

Resultant force

Answer 18

Combination of all forces that are applied on an object

Question 19

Proton

Answer 19

The positive particle in the nucleus (one of the heaviest particles nearly equal to the neutron in mass)

Question 20

Neutron

Answer 20

The neutral particle in the nucleus of the atom (one of the heaviest particles nearly equal to the proton in mass)

Question 21

Electron

Answer 21

The smallest part of the atom that is negative, in the electron cloud, and, orbits the positive nucleus

Question 22

Electron cloud

Answer 22

The part of the atom where the electrons reside

Question 23

Nucleus

Answer 23

The center of the atom where the protons and neutrons are

Question 24

Valence electrons

Answer 24

The number of electrons on the outer shell of the atom

Question 25

Periods

Answer 25

The part of the periodic table made up of the horizontal rows that are divided by the elements' number of energy levels

Question 26

Groups

Answer 26

Part of the periodic table divided by the number of valence electrons

Question 27

Noble gases

Answer 27

The elements in group 8 of the periodic table that are gases, stable, have full energy shells, and light up in different colors when heat is introduced

Question 28

Alkali metals

Answer 28

Metals in the first group that are extremely reactive when added to water

Question 29

Alkali earth metals

Answer 29

Metals in the second group that are reactive when added to water but are not as reactive as alkali metals

Question 30

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 30

Matter can neither be made or destroyed, only changed

Question 31

Reactants

Answer 31

The part of a chemical equation that reacts to form the products

Question 32

Products

Answer 32

The compounds that are produced from the chemical reaction

Question 33

Monoatomic ion

Answer 33

An ion made up of only one element

Question 34

Polyatomic ion

Answer 34

An ion that is made up of two or more elements

Question 35

Binary ionic compound

Answer 35

An ionic compound composed of one metal and one nonmetal

Question 36

Ternary ionic compound

Answer 36

An ionic compound made up of three or more elements with at least one of them being a metal and at least one being a nonmetal

Question 37

Binary molecular compound

Answer 37

A covalent compound made up of two nonmetals

Question 38

Atom

Answer 38

The smallest unit of an element

Question 39

Element

Answer 39

Atoms with a certain number of protons that can't be broken down by physical or chemical processes

Question 40

Compound

Answer 40

A combination of elements that can't be broken down by physical processes but can be broken down by chemical processes

Question 41

Atomic radii

Answer 41

Increases as you go down the periodic table (because adding energy shells make it have a larger radius), decreases as you go across the periodic table (because of the increasing magnetic pull making the radius smaller)

Question 42

Iron triad

Answer 42

Iron, cobalt, and nickel: they share similar properties