Science review unit 2

Question 1

Name the four spheres

Answer 1

Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere

Question 2

What is a biotic factor?

Answer 2

Any living factor of an ecosystem

Question 3

What is ammonification?

Question 4

What does nitrogen fixation do to nitrogen?

Question 5

What turns atoms into ammonia or ammonium?

Question 6

What is assimilation?

Question 7

What Biomolecules do plants build when they use Nitrogen atoms?

Answer 7

RNA, DNA and Proteins

Question 8

What is nitrate?

Answer 8

Nitrate is oxidized Ammonia. Nitrate is preferred by some plants as fertilizer.

Question 9

How is nitrate made?

Answer 9

Adding two oxygen atoms to Ammonia or Ammonium (NO3-)

Question 10

Do nucleic acids contain nitrogen in their base?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

What is denitrification?

Answer 11

When Nitrates aren’t Assimilated but turned back into Nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria, especially in low Oxygen soil.

Question 12

What is Nitrification?

Answer 12

When Ammonia or Ammonium gets converted into nitrate by nitrifying bacteria.

Question 13

What is the order (from lowest to highest) in the ecological pyramid.

Answer 13

Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers, Tertiary Consumers.

Question 14

What are producers?

Answer 14

Organisms that produce their own energy, can synthesize their own food and usually serve as the foundation for all food chains. For example: Plants and a few species of bacteria.

Question 15

What are primary consumers?

Answer 15

Also known as Herbivores, they are organisms that eat Producers. Primary Consumers are eaten by Secondary Consumers and Tertiary Consumers. Examples of Primary Consumers include: Grasshoppers and birds.

Question 16

What are secondary consumers?

Answer 16

Organisms that consumer Primary Consumers. They typically partake in predation and are usually Carnivores or Omnivores. Some examples include: Lions and hawks.

Question 17

What are tertiary consumers?

Answer 17

They are the ones who feed on Secondary consumers. They are thus called the top predators. They are also termed as apex predators and have no natural enemies.