Science Review Q3 Part 1 Flashcards
Separate the 40 Questions
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass.
What are the characteristics of a solid?
- Definite volume and shape
List the five phases of matter.
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Plasma
- Bose-Einstein Condensate
What defines a liquid?
- Fixed volume but no fixed shape
What are the properties of gas?
- Particles are far apart
What is the nature of matter in solids and liquids?
- Solid and liquid particles have strong forces of attraction
Describe the solid state of matter.
Particles are closely packed in an orderly manner and held together by strong attractive forces.
What characterizes the liquid state of matter?
Particles are loosely packed with spaces between them due to weaker forces of attraction compared to solids.
What happens to gas particles in the gaseous state?
Gas particles move rapidly and randomly in all directions and are not held in fixed positions.
Define an element.
A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical change.
What are the three groups into which elements are classified?
- Metals
- Nonmetals
- Metalloids
How many known elements are there?
118 known elements.
What is the most abundant element on Earth?
Oxygen.
What is sulfur used for?
- Production of sulfuric acid
- Detergents
What role does nitrogen play in living organisms?
Occurs in all living organisms and is used for fertilizers.
What is carbon a major component of?
- Fossil fuel
- Raw materials (plastic, medicine, etc.)
What is silicon primarily used for?
- Semiconductor (Solar Cells)
- Major component of glass
What is an atom?
An element made of tiny particles that are invisible even in powerful microscopes.
What is plasma?
A gaseous mixture of positive ions and electrons.
Define a molecule.
Group of two or more atoms.
