Science Quiz-Ch.1 Ecosystems Flashcards
All organisms need?
1.Nutrients- Elements, molecules, gases, water.
2. Habitat or environment- With sustainable nutrients.
3. Energy- For activities, growth, and reproduction. The sun is energy for all ecosystems.
What is sustain (sustainability)?
To allow something to continue for a long period of time. Human impact is the greatest threat to sustaining life forms on Earth.
What is an ecosystem?
Is all the organisms in an area that interact with each other and with their environment of energy and matter.
What is photosynthesis?
Plants ( and some micro-organisms) convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose). The energy is transferred to herbivores that eat the plants, and the carnivores that eat the herbivores.
Example of food chain
Grass -> Grasshopper -> Frog -> Hawk
Producer -> Primary consumer -> Secondary consumer -> Tertiary consumer.
What is trophic and the two different kinds?
Trophic- Energy
Autotroph- Self producer of energy
Heterotroph- Consumer of energy
What is a food chain?
Step-by-step sequence linking organisms that feed on each other.
What are producers?
Plants (photosynthesis)
What are consumers?
Animals (and others) that feed on plants and on each other.
What are herbivores?
Animals that eat plants
What are carnivores?
Animals that eat other animals.
What are omnivores?
Animals that eat both plants and animals, such as racoons, humans, and bears.
What is detritus?
Waste from plants and animals, including their dead remains.
What are decomposers?
Organisms that break down detritus to get nutrients for their own use. (Bacteria, fungi)
What is a habitat?
Places where a species can live
What is ecology?
The study of how organisms interact with each other.
What is abiotic?
Non-living factors in the environment.
Ex)Sunlight, atmosphere, H2o, soil.
What is biotic?
Any living thing.
Ex)Bacteria, fungi, plants, animals.
What is a population?
All the members of the same species living in the same ecosystem or habitat.
What is a community?
The collection of all the population of all the species living in the same ecosystem or habitat.
What is an ecotone?
The transition zone or boundary between communities.
Ex)Saskatchewan Parkland (Diagram)
What is a pyramid used for?
A pyramid is used to represent three things in Biology. This shape is used because the base is wide and I narrows towards the top, showing a decrease.
Pyramid of Numbers
The numbers of organisms at each level of the food chain decreases as you go up the food chain.
Pyramid of Energy
The amount of energy available at each level of the food chain decreases as you go up the food chain.
