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Biology > Science Quarterly Test 1/22/13 > Flashcards

Science Quarterly Test 1/22/13 Flashcards

1
Q

Genetics

A

Scientific study of heredity

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2
Q

True breeding

A

Terms used to describe organism that produce offspring identical to themselves.

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3
Q

Traits

A

Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.

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4
Q

Hybrid

A

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.

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5
Q

Allele

A

One of a number of different forms of a gene

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6
Q

Segregation

A

Separation of alleles during gamete formation

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7
Q

Gametes

A

Specialized cell involve in sexual reproduction.

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8
Q

Probability

A

The like hood that a particular event will occur.

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9
Q

Punnett square

A

The gene combination that might result from a genetic cross can be determined by drawing a diagram

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10
Q

Heterozygous

A

Organisms that have 2 different alleles for the same trait.

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11
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical characteristics

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12
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup.

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13
Q

Independent assortment

A

Alleles for seed shape segregated independently of those seed color

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14
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

One alleles is not completely dominate over another.

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15
Q

Codominance

A

Both alleles contribute to the phenotype of the organism

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16
Q

Multiply alleles

A

Genes that have more than 2 alleles

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17
Q

Polygenic traits

A

Traits controlled by more than 2 alleles

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18
Q

Homologous

A

Having the same alleles or genes in the same order of arrangement

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19
Q

Diploid

A

An organism or cell having double the basic haploid number of chromosomes.

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20
Q

Haploid

A

An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half the normal diploid number.

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21
Q

Meiosis

A

Progress of reduction division in which the number of chromosome per cell is cut in half through the separation.

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22
Q

Tetrad

A

Chromosome pairs with it’s corresponding homologous chromosome that form a structure.

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23
Q

Crossing-over

A

Portion of their chromatids in a process.

24
Q

Evolution

A

Change in a kind of organism over time; progress by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organism.

25
Diversity
The state of fact of being diverse; difference ; unlikeness.
26
Adaption
Inherited characteristics that increases an organism's chance of survival.
27
Competition
The act of competing; rivalry for supremacy.
28
Genes
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and this determines a trait.
29
Lichen
Symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism
30
Natural selection
Progress by which individuals that are better suite to their environment survives and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
31
Predation
A relation between animals in which one organism captures and feed on others.
32
Artificial selection
Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organism
33
Fossil
Preserve remains or evidence of an ancient organism.
34
Homologous
Terms used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parents.
35
Protection coloration
Coloration or anything likened to it that eliminates or reduce visibility or conspicuousness.
36
Species.
Group of similar organism that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
37
Insight
An instance of apprehending the true nature of a thing.
38
Struggle for existence
Competition among members of a species for food , living space, and the other necessities of life.
39
Puberty
A period of rapid growth and sexual maturation during which the reproductive system becomes fully functional.
40
Scrotum
External sac containing the testes.
41
Seminiferous tubule
One of the hundreds of tiny tubules in the testes in which sperm are produced.
42
Epididymis
Structure in the male reproductive system in which the sperm fully matures and are stored
43
Vas deferens
Tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
44
Urethra
Tube through which urine and semen are released from the body.
45
Follicle
Cluster of cells surrounding a single egg in the human female reproductive system.
46
Ovulation
Progress in which an egg is released from the ovary.
47
Fallopian tube.
One of two fluid fueled tube in human female through which an egg passes after it's release from the ovary.
48
Uterus.
Organ of the female reproductive system in which A fertilized egg can develop.
49
Menstrual cycle.
Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from an ovary and the uterus is prepared to recieve a fertilized egg.
50
Corpus luteum
Name given to a follicle after ovulation because of it's yellow color.
51
Menstruation
Last phase of the menstrual cycle, during which the lining of the uterus, along with the blood and the fertilized egg is discharged through the vagina.
52
Embryo
Results of clump of cell.
53
Implantation
An event of the lining of the uterus
54
Fetus
A developing human
55
Genital herpes
A sexual transmitted infection that is caused by a herpes simplex virus.

Biology (5 decks)

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